背景:各种手术干预措施,包括美容手术,唾液腺切除术,并在下颌角和髁突周围进行了骨折切开复位术。本研究旨在结合近年来的解剖学和临床研究,全面回顾角和髁上神经血管结构的解剖结构。
结果:我们提供了有关下颌角和髁突神经血管结构的分支和分布模式的详细信息,与以前的解剖学和临床研究的测量和比例的报告数据。我们的报告应有助于帮助从业者更好地了解该地区,以便或减少当地手术期间的潜在并发症。下颌角缩小过程中的鲁莽操作可能会破坏动脉分支,不仅来自面部动脉,而且来自颈外动脉.在髁区入路和切开过程中,可能会损坏面横动脉和颞浅动脉。在下颌下腺切除或面部年轻化治疗期间,面神经的边缘下颌分支很容易受损。在腮腺切除术中,面神经的主要干及其上下不同的分区已被损坏,除皱术,髁突骨折切开复位.
结论:通过回顾本研究中的信息,外科医生将能够更准确地预防手术相关的并发症,例如下颌角和髁上的医源性血管事故,完全性和部分性面神经麻痹,味觉出汗(Frey综合征),腮腺切除术后的外伤性神经瘤。
BACKGROUND: Various surgical interventions including esthetic surgery, salivary gland excision, and open reduction of fracture have been performed in the area around the mandibular angle and condyle. This study aimed to comprehensively
review the anatomy of the neurovascular structures on the angle and condyle with recent anatomic and clinical research.
RESULTS: We provide detailed information about the branching and distributing patterns of the neurovascular structures at the mandibular angle and condyle, with reported data of measurements and proportions from previous anatomical and clinical research. Our report should serve to help practitioners gain a better understanding of the area in order or reduce potential complications during local procedures. Reckless manipulation during mandibular angle reduction could mutilate arterial branches, not only from the facial artery, but also from the external carotid artery. The transverse facial artery and superficial temporal artery could be damaged during approach and incision in the condylar area. The marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve can be easily damaged during submandibular gland excision or facial rejuvenation treatment. The main trunk of the facial nerve and its upper and lower distinct divisions have been damaged during parotidectomy, rhytidectomy, and open reductions of condylar fractures.
CONCLUSIONS: By revisiting the information in the present study, surgeons will be able to more accurately prevent procedure-related complications, such as iatrogenic vascular accidents on the mandibular angle and condyle, complete and partial facial palsy, gustatory sweating (Frey syndrome), and traumatic neuroma after parotidectomy.