experience

经验
  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    背景:2022年12月7日,中国国务院联防联控机制发布“新十条”,进一步优化2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)预防政策。这标志着全国范围内从“动态清除”到“与病毒共存”的更广泛转变。
    目的:本研究旨在探讨中国实施“十大新指南”后,在COVID-19暴发期间,跨学科护士的经验和观点。我们的目标是了解这个独特的护理小组面临的挑战,并为组织提供支持,以增强他们的福祉和韧性。
    方法:选取浙江东南部的两家三级医院,选择跨学科护士作为科目。采用了建构主义的定性研究方法,使用半结构化的面对面访谈。通过访谈收集研究数据,并使用内容分析进行分析。
    结果:本研究纳入了15名跨学科护士。分析揭示了四个主要主题和九个次主题。主要主题是:(1)无效的组织支持(组织护理不足,可怜的PPE,过度的工作量),(2)感染COVID-19后的生理困扰(极度身体疲劳,严重咳嗽引起的尿液泄漏),(3)害怕犯错(害怕在公共场合受到谴责,心理焦虑),和(4)家庭责任焦虑(忠诚和孝道的困难,对子女的义务)。
    结论:我们提供了新的证据,表明组织必须主动解决支持,培训,和员工的沟通需求,尤其是跨学科护士,以补充疫情遏制。这对于帮助减轻这些角色可能造成的工作-家庭冲突也至关重要。
    BACKGROUND: On December 7, 2022, the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of China\'s State Council released the \"Ten New Guidelines\" to optimize the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) prevention policies further. This signaled a broader shift from \"dynamic clearing\" to \"coexisting with the virus\" nationwide.
    OBJECTIVE: This study aims to examine the experiences and perspectives of interdisciplinary nurses during the COVID-19 outbreak in China after the implementation of the \"Ten New Guidelines\". The goal is to understand the challenges faced by this unique nursing group and inform organizational support to bolster their well-being and resilience.
    METHODS: Two tertiary hospitals in southeastern Zhejiang Province were selected, with interdisciplinary nurses chosen as subjects. A constructivist qualitative research approach was employed, using semi-structured face-to-face interviews. Research data were collected through interviews and analyzed using content analysis.
    RESULTS: Fifteen interdisciplinary nurses were included in this study. The analysis revealed four main themes and nine sub-themes. The main themes were: (1) ineffective organizational support (inadequate organizational care, poor PPE, excessive workload), (2) physiological distress after contracting COVID-19 (extreme physical fatigue, leakage of urine due to severe coughing), (3) fear of being wrong (fear of being reprimanded in public, psychological anxiety), and (4) family responsibility anxiety (difficulty of loyalty and filial piety, obligations to their children).
    CONCLUSIONS: We provide new evidence that organizations must proactively address the support, training, and communication needs of staff, particularly interdisciplinary nurses, to supplement epidemic containment. This is also essential in helping mitigate the work-family conflicts such roles can create.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    背景:骨关节炎的美好生活:丹麦(GLA:DTM)计划是一项基于证据的教育和锻炼计划,旨在为有症状的髋和膝骨关节炎患者设计。在丹麦推出,它已经在整个欧洲实施,澳大利亚,和北美。作者通过应用RE-AIM框架评估了GLADTM在加拿大(Alberta)实施的可行性。评估目标是确定在公共资助和私人康复环境中影响该计划实施的因素。基于建立和交付该计划的初始提供者和诊所领导者的经验。
    方法:与GLA:DTM培训的提供者进行了半结构化电话访谈,经理,或艾伯塔省诊所的主任。Braun和Clarke的主题方法用于对数据进行编码并确定紧急类别和主题。确定了与执行有关的问题,并以协商一致方式,被归类为实施过程的促进者和挑战。
    结果:18名GLA:DTM培训的提供者和来自一系列临床机构的三名诊所负责人完成了访谈。在整个研究环境中,与实施有关的七个共同主题出现了。三个主题反映了实施的促进者(提供者对计划的可接受性,多层次支持机制,和计划灵活性)和四个实施挑战(直接和间接成本,缺乏外部推荐,程序访问问题,和缺乏合适的空间)。该计划的最初实施是探索性的,对长期可持续性的关注有限。
    结论:GLA:DTM程序是一个可翻译的程序,可以在公共和私人康复环境中相对容易地实施;但是,成本,空间约束,并有一个足够的转诊基地指出的挑战。需要进一步的工作来探索跨公共和私人环境的公平访问以及计划的可持续性。
    BACKGROUND: The Good Life with osteoArthritis: Denmark (GLA:DTM ) program is an evidence-based education and exercise program designed for individuals with symptomatic hip and knee osteoarthritis. Launched in Denmark, it has been implemented across Europe, Australia, and North America. The authors assessed the feasibility of GLADTM implementation in Canada (Alberta) by applying the RE-AIM framework. An evaluation objective was to identify factors impacting the implementation of the program in both publicly funded and private rehabilitation settings, based on the experience of the initial cohort of providers and clinic leaders who set up and delivered the program.
    METHODS: Semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with GLA:DTM -trained providers, managers, or directors of clinics across Alberta. Braun and Clarke\'s thematic approach was used to code the data and identify emergent categories and themes. Those relevant to the implementation were identified and by consensus, categorized as facilitators of and challenges to the implementation process.
    RESULTS: Eighteen GLA:DTM -trained providers and three clinic leaders from a range of clinical settings completed an interview. Seven common themes emerged in relation to implementation across the study settings. Three themes reflect facilitators of implementation (program acceptability by providers, multi-level support mechanisms, and program flexibility) and four implementation challenges (direct and indirect costs, lack of external referrals, program access issues, and lack of suitable space). The initial implementation of the program was exploratory with limited focus on long-term sustainability.
    CONCLUSIONS: The GLA:DTM program is a translatable program that can be implemented with relative ease in both public and private rehabilitation settings; however, costs, space constraints, and having an adequate referral base were noted challenges. Further work is warranted to explore equitable access across public and private settings and program sustainability.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    许多国际研究表明,在临终前的情况下,姑息镇静的过程可能是不利的,甚至对护士来说是痛苦的经历。然而,据我们所知,在瑞士从事姑息治疗的护士的经验从未被探索过。我们研究的目的是,因此,根据2005年制定的瑞士指南,了解和描述护士在姑息镇静过程中的经验。我们选择了一项探索性的定性单中心研究,使用全面的个人访谈来实现这一目标。共接洽了10名护士,九人同意参加。采访被转录后,8人最终被纳入分析.这一分析表明,护士对姑息镇静过程的态度倾向于犹豫,抗性,或有信心,这与他们在姑息治疗中工作的时间长短有关。这些发现表明,2005年瑞士指南并未保护护士免受与姑息镇静过程相关的不确定性。因此,需要开展一项全国性的综合多中心研究,以巩固这些结果。
    Many international studies have shown that the process of palliative sedation in an end-of-life context can be an adverse, even emotionally distressing experience for nurses. However, to the best of our knowledge, the experience of nurses working in palliative care in Switzerland has never been explored. The purpose of our study was, therefore, to understand and describe nurses\' experience with the process of palliative sedation in line with the Swiss guidelines developed in 2005. We opted for an exploratory qualitative monocentric study using comprehensive individual interviews to achieve this objective. A total of 10 nurses were approached, and nine agreed to take part. After the interviews were transcribed, eight were ultimately included in the analysis. This analysis shows that nurses\' attitudes toward the process of palliative sedation tended to be hesitant, resistant, or confident and that this was linked to the length of time they had worked in palliative care. These findings suggest that the 2005 Swiss guidelines do not protect nurses against the uncertainty related to process of palliative sedation. A national comprehensive multicentric study therefore needs to be developed to consolidate these results.
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    文章类型: Journal Article
    Hand burns are among the most common burns due to the fact that they are, apart from the face, most exposed to fire, and they are also used to protect the face against a severe trauma from fire. Although hand burns are relatively small with regard to the total body surface area affected, the severity of the damage goes beyond the affected area. Initial treatment is conservative, followed by surgical management. For deep burns, surgical treatment is required between three to five days after the trauma. There are different options for reconstruction of the necrotising tissue according to the principles of the reconstructive ladder.
    Les brûlures de la main sont parmi les brûlures les plus fréquentes : en dehors de la face, ce sont les zones les plus exposées aux flammes d’autant plus qu’elles sont utilisées pour protéger la face. Bien que les brûlures de la main représentent une petite surface de la surface corporelle totale, la gravité des lésions en fait une priorité thérapeutique. Le traitement initial est conservateur, suivi d’un traitement chirurgical. Pour les brûlures très profondes, le traitement chirurgical est nécessaire entre le 3ème et le 5ème jour post-traumatique. Différentes options thérapeutiques pourront être proposées pour remplacer les tissus brûlés, en accord avec les principes de l’échelle de reconstruction.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    OBJECTIVE: To explore Australian intensive care nurses\' knowledge of ventilator-associated pneumonia and self-reported adherence to evidence-based guidelines for the prevention of ventilator-associated events.
    METHODS: A quantitative cross-sectional online survey was used.
    METHODS: The study was conducted in two Australia intensive care units, in large health services in Victoria and an Australia-wide nurses\' professional association (Australian College of Critical Care Nurses).
    METHODS: Participants\' knowledge and self-reported adherence to evidence-based guidelines.
    RESULTS: The median knowledge score was 6/10 (IQR: 5-7). There was a significant positive association between completion of post graduate qualification and their overall knowledge score p = 0.014). However, there was no association (p = 0.674) between participants\' years of experience in intensive care nursing and their overall score. The median self-reported adherence was 8/10 (IQR: 6-8). The most adhered to procedures were performing oral care on mechanically ventilated patients (n = 259, 90.9%) and semi-fowlers positioning of the patient (n = 241, 84.6%). There was no relationship between participants\' knowledge and adherence to evidence-based guidelines (p = 0.144).
    CONCLUSIONS: Participants lack knowledge of evidence-based guidelines for the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Specific education on ventilator-associated events may improve awareness and guideline adherence.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    UNASSIGNED: Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) are significant tools for evidence-based health care quality improvement. The CPG program at King Saud University was launched as a quality improvement program to fulfil the international accreditation standards. This program was a collaboration between the Research Chair for Evidence-Based Healthcare and Knowledge Translation and the Quality Management Department. This study aims to develop a fast-track method for adaptation of evidence-based CPGs and describe results of the program.
    METHODS: Twenty-two clinical departments participated in the program. Following a CPGs awareness week directed to all health care professionals (HCPs), 22 teams were trained to set priorities, search, screen, assess, select, and customize the best available CPGs. The teams were technically supported by the program\'s CPG advisors. To address the local health care context, a modified version of the ADAPTE was used where recommendations were either accepted or rejected but not changed. A strict peer-review process for clinical content and methodology was employed.
    RESULTS: In addition to raising awareness and building capacity, 35 CPGs were approved for implementation by March 2018. These CPGs were integrated with other existing projects such as accreditation, electronic medical records, performance management, and training and education. Preliminary implementation audits suggest a positive impact on patient outcomes. Leadership commitment was a strength, but the high turnover of the team members required frequent and extensive training for HCPs.
    CONCLUSIONS: This model for CPG adaptation represents a quick, practical, economical method with a sense of ownership by staff. Using this modified version can be replicated in other countries to assess its validity.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    Individuals interested in applying to sit for a Behavior Analyst Certification Board® (BACB) examination are required to accumulate a predetermined number of experience and supervision hours under the BACB Experience Standards (BACB, 2015c). Currently, the BACB allows students to accumulate these hours while enrolled in a higher education training program that contains a BACB-Approved Course Sequence (ACS). There are numerous professional and financial benefits for programs offering practical training opportunities to students. However, creating a viable practical training system requires careful planning and organization. The purpose of this paper is to provide some guidelines and recommendations for establishing one type of university-based practical training system using community-based sites.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    OBJECTIVE: The ADAPTE methodology for adaptation of guidelines has been used by many organizations to develop high-quality clinical practice guidelines. Although it is a valid alternative for de novo development of guidelines, it might demand more time and resources in some institutions. The present study demonstrates the proposed \'adapted ADAPTE\' methodology to support more clarity, simplicity and practicality. It also aims at avoiding duplication within the process and reducing the resources and time allocated to the CPG adaptation projects.
    METHODS: Clinical guidelines\' adaptation in the Center for Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines at the Alexandria Faculty of Medicine and University Hospitals involves two stages: (1) cross-sectional or retrospective study to reveal the current practice and prescribing patterns concerning the selected health topic; (2) the \'adapted ADAPTE\' methodology for CPGs adaptation that was based on the original ADAPTE Process.
    RESULTS: The \'adapted ADAPTE\' included three modified tools, three new tools based on the original ADAPTE framework and alternatives for four ADAPTE steps to enhance utilization. The finalized adapted CPGs included nine high priority topics for paediatrics and two topics for emergency medicine.
    CONCLUSIONS: The ADAPTE methodology for guideline adaptation can be customized or \'adapted\' to the local health care setting and resources. This proposal facilitates supports and improves the utilization and update of the ADAPTE process by CPG programmes or activities in health care organizations. This is of particular importance in health care systems in developing countries with limited resources in the Eastern Mediterranean region like Egypt.
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