背景:妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)和先兆子痫(PE)是妊娠期常见的医学并发症。在一些流行病学研究中已经检查了与GDM和PE风险相关的饮食总脂肪和脂肪酸。在某些情况下,系统评价和荟萃分析可能提供更准确的饮食建议.
目的:本系统综述和剂量-反应荟萃分析旨在研究膳食总脂肪和脂肪酸与GDM和PE风险之间的关系。
方法:通过对PubMed的系统搜索,对膳食脂肪摄入量和GDM和PE风险进行了研究,Scopus,以及截至2023年8月19日发表的文章的WebofScience数据库。使用前瞻性队列研究设计,对总脂肪和脂肪酸的膳食摄入量与GDM和PE风险之间的关系进行了调查。
结果:21项前瞻性队列研究被认为是合格的。研究结果表明,总脂肪摄入量较高(相对风险[RR],1.08;95%置信区间[CI],1.02-1.14),动物脂肪(RR,1.56;95CI,1.34-1.89),植物脂肪(RR,1.23;95CI,1.05-1.45),膳食胆固醇(RR,1.48;95CI,1.10-2.00),和ω-3脂肪酸(RR,1.11;95CI,1.02-1.20)与更大的GDM风险相关。然而,饮食总脂肪和脂肪酸与PE风险之间没有显著关联.剂量反应荟萃分析表明,总脂肪的总能量摄入量每增加10%,5%来自动物脂肪,5%来自植物脂肪,100毫克的胆固醇与15%有关,12%,7%,14%,GDM风险增加20%,分别。
结论:总体而言,总脂肪,动物脂肪,植物脂肪,膳食胆固醇,和omega-3脂肪酸的消耗与GDM风险的小幅增加相关,但具有统计学意义。
背景:PROSPERO(CRD42023466844)。
BACKGROUND: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and preeclampsia (PE) are commonly observed medical complications in pregnancy. Dietary total fat and fatty acids associated with GDM and PE risk have been examined in several epidemiological studies. In some instances, systematic reviews and meta-analyses might provide more accurate dietary recommendations.
OBJECTIVE: This systematic
review and dose-response meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the association between dietary total fat and fatty acids and the risk of GDM and PE.
METHODS: Research on dietary fat intake and the risk of GDM and PE was conducted through systematic searches of the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases for articles published up to August 19, 2023. An investigation of associations between dietary intake of total fat and fatty acids and the risk of GDM and PE was performed using prospective cohort study designs.
RESULTS: Twenty-one prospective cohort studies were considered eligible. Findings indicated that higher intakes of total fat (relative risk [RR], 1.08; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02-1.14), animal fat (RR, 1.56; 95%CI, 1.34-1.89), vegetable fat (RR, 1.23; 95%CI, 1.05-1.45), dietary cholesterol (RR, 1.48; 95%CI, 1.10-2.00), and omega-3 fatty acid (RR, 1.11; 95%CI, 1.02-1.20) are associated with a greater risk of GDM. However, no significant association was found between dietary total fat and fatty acids and the risk of PE. Dose-response meta-analyses suggested every 10% increment in total energy intake from total fat, 5% from animal fat, 5% from vegetable fat, and 100 mg from cholesterol was related to 15%, 12%, 7%, 14%, and 20% higher GDM risk, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: Overall, total fat, animal fat, vegetable fat, dietary cholesterol, and omega-3 fatty acid consumption are associated with a small but statistically significant increase in GDM risk.
BACKGROUND: PROSPERO (CRD42023466844).