craniofacial abnormality

  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    颅面区域包含皮肤,骨头,软骨,颞下颌关节,牙齿,牙周组织,粘膜,唾液腺,肌肉,神经,和血管。应用组织工程治疗有助于替换创伤或癌症后丢失的组织。尽管最近取得了进展,标准化和验证最合适的动物模型以有效地将临床前数据转化为临床情况仍然至关重要.因此,本文综述了各种动物模型在颅面组织工程和再生中的应用。这项研究基于PubMed,Scopus,和谷歌学者的数据可到2023年1月。这项研究仅包括描述动物模型在颅面组织工程中的应用的英文出版物(体内和综述研究)。研究选择是基于评估标题,摘要,和全文。初始研究的总数为6454。在筛选过程之后,最终清单上仍有295篇文章。许多体内研究表明,小型和大型动物模型可以通过评估新治疗干预措施的有效性和安全性来使临床疾病受益。设备,以及具有与人类类似疾病/缺陷的动物的生物材料。不同的物种解剖,生理,在开发创新时必须考虑生物学特征,可重复,和判别实验模型,为特定的组织缺损选择合适的动物模型。因此,了解人类医学和兽医学之间的相似之处可以使这两个领域受益。
    The craniofacial region contains skin, bones, cartilage, the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), teeth, periodontal tissues, mucosa, salivary glands, muscles, nerves, and blood vessels. Applying tissue engineering therapeutically helps replace lost tissues after trauma or cancer. Despite recent advances, it remains essential to standardize and validate the most appropriate animal models to effectively translate preclinical data to clinical situations. Therefore, this review focused on applying various animal models in craniofacial tissue engineering and regeneration. This research was based on PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar data available until January 2023. This study included only English-language publications describing animal models\' application in craniofacial tissue engineering (in vivo and review studies). Study selection was based on evaluating titles, abstracts, and full texts. The total number of initial studies was 6454. Following the screening process, 295 articles remained on the final list. Numerous in vivo studies have shown that small and large animal models can benefit clinical conditions by assessing the efficacy and safety of new therapeutic interventions, devices, and biomaterials in animals with similar diseases/defects to humans. Different species\' anatomical, physiologic, and biological features must be considered in developing innovative, reproducible, and discriminative experimental models to select an appropriate animal model for a specific tissue defect. As a result, understanding the parallels between human and veterinary medicine can benefit both fields.
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  • 文章类型: Case Reports
    Tessier 7 clefts are a rare congenital anomaly, usually surgically repaired with Z-plasty or other reconstructive methods, although undesirable scars may result. We present a review of the literature and a case of unilateral Tessier 7 cleft repaired with a novel reconstruction technique using a combined Z-plasty and geometric broken line closure (GBLC) to camouflage and irregularize the otherwise linear scar. We present this case to expand the armamentarium of surgical options to address Tessier 7 clefts and to review techniques for repair.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    Cleft palate is a frequent congenital craniofacial malformation of unknown etiology. Transforming growth factor (TGF) β3 is required for palatal shelf fusion. Although TGFβ3 knockout (KO) mice are widely used mouse models for cleft palate, cleft palate phenotypes differ among these mice. This study aimed to determine the effects of genetic background on the cleft palate phenotype in mice.
    We produced TGFβ3 KO congenic mouse strains with five different genetic backgrounds. The phenotypes of the congenic strains were determined by visual examination. The capacity for disintegration of the medial edge epithelium (MEE) and basement membrane (BM) of palatal shelves of all five mouse strains was analyzed by using immunofluorescence staining after single palatal shelf suspension culture. The relationship between phenotype and disappearance of the MEE and BM was analyzed.
    Although the five congenic strains carried the same defective Tgfb3 gene, the fetal palate phenotypes differed among strains. The loss of the MEE cells and BM also differed with the genetic background, and the degree of such loss correlated with the cleft palate phenotype.
    The cleft palate phenotype in mice is influenced by the genetic background, which governs the capacity for MEE and BM disintegration.
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  • 文章类型: Case Reports
    Uremic leontiasis ossea (ULO), which occurs in the craniomaxillofacial region, is a sign of terminal stage osteitis fibrosa cystica or brown tumors and primarily caused by secondary hyperparathyroidism induced by renal failure. Pathophysiological changes include osteoclasts or osteoblasts proliferation, bone resorption, bone decalcification, and connective tissue proliferation. In this paper, we report a case of a 24-year-old female patient, who was diagnosed with ULO and presented with multiple facial swellings. Imaging features included zonal patterns with alternating rings of hypo- and hyperattenuated craniomaxillofacial bones, and diffused mixed sclerotic tissues with lytic changes in CT imaging. T1 weighted image and T2 weighted image in MRI were characterized by alternating rings of low and intermediate signal intensity patterns. To the best of our knowledge, this case is the first example of pathologically proved ULO with maxillofacial MRI.
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  • 文章类型: Case Reports
    我们报告了一个患有9p缺失综合征的小男孩的临床和神经放射学发现,包括丘脑梗塞和生发基质出血以及新生儿高胰岛素性低血糖的新发现。在该患者中发现的低血糖事件和心室肥大以前仅在两名患者中报告过,而丘脑梗死和生发基质出血是新的特征。
    We report the clinical and neuroradiological findings in a young boy harboring the 9p deletion syndrome including the novel findings of thalamic infarction and germinal matrix haemorrhage and neonatal hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia. Both the hypoglycemic events and the ventriculomegaly found in this patient have previously only been reported in two patients, while the thalamic infarction and germinal matrix haemorrhage are novel features.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    BACKGROUND: Citation analysis is a recognized scientometric method of classifying cited articles according to the frequency of which they have been referenced. The total number of citations an article receives is considered to reflect it\'s significance among it\'s peers.
    METHODS: Until now, a bibliometric analysis has never been performed in the specialty of craniofacial anomalies and craniofacial surgery. This citation analysis generates an extensive list of the 50 most influential papers in this developing field. Journals specializing in craniofacial surgery, maxillofacial surgery, plastic surgery, neurosurgery, genetics and pediatrics were searched to demonstrate which articles have cultivated the specialty within the past 55 years.
    RESULTS: The results show an intriguing compilation of papers which outline the fundamental knowledge of craniofacial anomalies and the developments of surgical techniques to manage these patients.
    CONCLUSIONS: This citation analysis provides a summation of the current most popular trends in craniofacial literature. These esteemed papers aid to direct our decision making today within this specialty.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    This review provides an overview of the state and future directions of development and pathology in the craniofacial complex in the context of Cranial Neural Crest Cells (CNCC). CNCC are a multipotent cell population that is largely responsible for forming the vertebrate head. We focus on findings that have increased the knowledge of gene regulatory networks and molecular mechanisms governing CNCC migration and the participation of these cells in tissue formation. Pathology due to aberrant migration or cell death of CNCC, termed neurocristopathies, is discussed in addition to craniosynostoses. Finally, we discuss tissue engineering applications that take advantage of recent advancements in genome editing and the multipotent nature of CNCC. These applications have relevance to treating diseases due directly to the failure of CNCC, and also in restoring tissues lost due to a variety of reasons.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    Postpartum evaluation of the foal\'s head and mouth are performed to detect craniofacial malformations and other congenital defects. Detailed oral examination and diagnostic imaging can provide diagnostic and prognostic information about congenital abnormalities of the mouth or skull. Important abnormalities of foals include wry nose, cleft palate, overbite (parrot mouth), and underbite (monkey mouth, sow mouth). Tumors and cysts can be detected in young horses. In juvenile horses, primary dental care procedures include oral examination, management of sharp enamel points, management of deciduous teeth, and management of wolf teeth. Facial or jaw swellings are also important considerations.
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