UASSIGNED：传统的禁食和不饮酒方案（禁食8-12小时，不饮酒4-6小时）会影响身体的新陈代谢。美国麻醉师协会提出的新指南(禁食6小时,2小时不喝酒）明显减少禁食和不喝酒的时间，但临床疗效和安全性有待进一步证实。在这项研究中,采用新指南和传统方案对随机对照试验(RCTs)进行荟萃分析,为择期手术提供循证基础.
未经评估：文章在PubMed中进行了搜索，EBSCO,MEDLINE,科学直接，科克伦图书馆,CNKI,中国生物医学资源数据库,万方数据库,维普,和西方生物医学期刊文献数据库。选择筛查期间与手术前禁食相关的RCT。中文和英文搜索关键词包括择期手术，术前,禁食，不喝酒，患者舒适度,口渴,饥饿,崩溃,低血糖,术前胃容积,术前胃液pH,术中胃体积。采用Cochrane协作网提供的RevMan5.3软件对收录文件的质量进行评价。两位专业人士独立筛选了文献，提取的数据，并评估了偏差的风险。
未经评估：共纳入6项研究。实验组和对照组择期手术患者的饥饿发生率差异有统计学意义[Z=3.90；相对危险度(RR)=0.58；95%置信区间(CI)：0.44，0.76；P<0.0001]。试验组与对照组的口渴发生率差异有统计学意义(Z=7.22;RR=0.21;95%CI:0.13,0.32;P<0.00001)。
UASSIGNED：荟萃分析结果证实，新指南可以显着减少患者的饥渴感，提高手术后的满意度，可应用于临床。
UNASSIGNED: Traditional fasting and no drinking schemes (fasting for 8-12 hours and no drinking for 4-6 hours) affect the metabolism of the body. The new
guidelines put forward by the American Association of Anesthesiologists (fasting for 6 hours, no drinking for 2 hours) obviously reduce the time of fasting and no drinking, but the clinical efficacy and safety need to be further confirmed. In this study, a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using the new
guidelines and traditional protocols was conducted to provide an evidence-based foundation for elective surgery.
UNASSIGNED: The articles were searched in PubMed, EBSCO, MEDLINE, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, CNKI, China Biomedical Resources Database, Wanfang Database, Weipu, and Western Biomedical Journal Literature Database. RCTs related to fasting before surgery during the screening period were selected. Chinese and English search keywords included elective surgery, preoperative, fasting and no drinking, patient comfort, thirst, hunger, collapse, hypoglycemia, preoperative gastric volume, preoperative gastric juice pH, and intraoperative gastric volume. The RevMan 5.3 software provided by Cochrane collaboration network was used to evaluate the quality of included documents. Two professionals independently screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 6 studies were included. The incidence of hunger in patients undergoing elective surgery in the experimental group and control group was significantly different [Z=3.90; relative risk (RR) =0.58; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.44, 0.76; P<0.0001]. The incidence of thirst was significantly different between the experimental group and control group (Z=7.22; RR =0.21; 95% CI: 0.13, 0.32; P<0.00001).
UNASSIGNED: Meta-analysis results confirmed that the new
guidelines can significantly reduce the hunger and thirst of patients, improve their satisfaction after surgery, and can be applied clinically.
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