BACKGROUND: Cervical lipomas accompanied by neurovascular compression are extremely rare and require surgical treatment in case of appropriate symptoms. The preferable method is gross total resection, as otherwise they tend to recur. Invasive growth is not typical for lipomas. However, large tumors can involve adjacent nerves and vessels and significantly complicate resection.
METHODS: We present a 57-year-old patient who underwent resection of giant soft tissue cervical lipoma invading neurovascular bundle and compressing the oropharynx and esophagus with dysphagia and positional asphyxia. The patient was followed-up for previous 5 years. Resection was necessary due to tumor enlargement with appropriate symptoms. Searching for literature data was performed in the Pubmed, Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and eLibrary databases.
CONCLUSIONS: Gross total resection of 7-cm tumor was accompanied by mobilization of hypoglossal and vagus nerves, common, external and internal carotid arteries and jugular vein with repositioning of the oropharynx and esophagus. There was mild Horner\'s syndrome in early postoperative period. The patient was discharged in 4 days after surgery with regression of complaints. We found only 5 reports describing giant cervical lipomas invading neurovascular bundle.
CONCLUSIONS: Giant cervical lipomas are extremely rare, and total resection with preservation of critical structures is possible in a specialized hospital.
Липомы, сопровождающиеся компрессией сосудисто-нервного пучка шеи, встречаются крайне редко и требуют хирургического лечения в случаях появления соответствующей симптоматики. Предпочтительным методом является радикальное удаление, так как в противном случае они склонны рецидивировать. Для липом не характерен инвазивный рост, однако, достигая больших размеров, они могут вовлекать в себя прилежащие нервные и сосудистые структуры, что значительно затрудняет радикальную хирургическую резекцию.
UNASSIGNED: В статье представлено наблюдение пациента 57 лет, которому было произведено удаление гигантской липомы мягких тканей шеи, распространяющейся в сосудисто-нервный пучок и приводящей к компрессии ротоглотки, пищевода, дисфагии и позиционной асфиксии при повороте головы. Пациент наблюдался по поводу образования в течение 5 лет, в связи с увеличением образования в динамике и нарастанием жалоб было принято решение об его удалении. Произведен поиск литературы по ключевым словам в научных базах данных PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Library и eLibrary.
UNASSIGNED: В ходе операции опухоль 7 см в диаметре была полностью удалена, из нее выделены и сохранены подъязычный, блуждающий нервы, общая, наружная и внутренняя сонные артерии и яремная вена, сдавленные ротоглотка и пищевод приняли нормальное положение. В раннем послеоперационном периоде отмечалось появление минимально выраженного синдрома Горнера, пациент был выписан из клиники на 4-е сутки после операции с регрессом жалоб. При поиске литературы было найдено лишь 5 работ, описывающих гигантские липомы шеи с вовлечением сосудисто-нервного пучка.
UNASSIGNED: Гигантские липомы шеи встречаются крайне редко, а их радикальное удаление с сохранением критических структур возможно в условиях специализированного стационара.

The indication for percutaneous aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has increased considerably in recent years, preferably using transfemoral access (TF); however, it is not clear which should be the preferred access in the event of contraindications to the latter. We present an 81-year-old patient with high surgical risk in whom a 50% obstruction of the descending aortic lumen was identified and so, a left transcarotid access was chosen. Numerous alternative approaches to the TF approach have been described in recent years. The transcarotid approach has been the one with the best results in different clinical reviews and the one that has been presented as the second alternative to TF in established algorithms. We report the first transcarotid TAVI implantation in Las Higueras Hospital, Talcahuano, Chile.

Carotid complications resulting from extra-luminal migration of ingested foreign bodies (FB) are rare but potentially life-threatening. Previous data on the topic predominantly comprises isolated case reports, leaving a gap in comprehensive evidence necessary to guide clinical decision-making. In this article, we offer a narrative review alongside a novel case report, aimed at providing a broad, evidence-based perspective on the topic to guide clinical practice. The search strategy employed keywords related to carotid artery complications from ingested FB across the following electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Central. Screening involved standardized data extraction by two independent reviewers, with a focus on abstracts meeting inclusion criteria and excluding non-English literature and non-relevant studies from further analysis. Moreover, we present a novel case report on the topic that was successfully managed using a unique surgical approach. Overall, a total of sixteen case reports were finally included, data on clinical presentations, diagnostic strategies and findings, surgical management and outcome were extracted, tabulated, and discussed. In carotid complications from extra-luminal migration of ingested FB, high clinical suspicion is crucial due to potentially mild symptoms and negative first-level examinations. Computed tomography (CT) scan plays a pivotal role for accurate diagnosis and surgical planning, along with neck ultrasound to detect complications. Tailored surgical strategies based on the severity of carotid involvement, including venous patch grafts in severe vessels involvement, are crucial for optimal patient outcomes. As a novelty, in our case report, carotid shunt was successfully employed instead of prolonged carotid clamping to reduce the risk of associated neurological sequelae. It could be concluded that, diagnosis and managing carotid complications from extra-luminal migration of ingested FB remains challenging and a multidisciplinary approach is warranted.

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OBJECTIVE: To report a patient of pseudoaneurysm of carotid artery caused by brucellosis infection and improve the recognition, diagnosis and treatment of this disease.
METHODS: The etiology, clinical data and treatment of false aneurysm were reviewed A 75-year-old man with a high probability of pseudoaneurysm of the left common carotid artery was found by enhanced CT. Open surgery was performed. Bacterial culture return was Brucella. After regular oral drug treatment, the patient recovered well.
RESULTS: The patient recovered well after surgery and took oral medication regularly for 3 months without recurrence.
CONCLUSIONS: Pseudoaneurysms of the carotid artery caused by brucella infection are very rare, and correct diagnosis and open surgery combined with drug therapy are the best choices.

Background: Spontaneous cervical artery dissection (sCeAD) is an important cause of ischemic stroke in the young population and has a different cardiovascular risk profile from other causes of ischemic stroke. No study provided a comprehensive evidence for cardiovascular risk factors of sCeAD. Methods: We searched PubMed, MEDLINE, and Embase without date or language restrictions for relevant studies. Bibliographies of included studies were also searched. We included case-control studies where patients with sCeAD were on one arm, and controls were on the other arm. The investigated risk factors were diabetes, hypertension, smoking, and hyperlipidemia. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed independently by two reviewers. Results: Seventeen qualifying case-control studies were identified, comparing 2185 patients with sCeAD and 3185 healthy control subjects. Heterogeneity was low for diabetes, moderate for hypertension and hyperlipidemia, and high for smoking. The meta-analysis showed a significant association between hypertension and sCeAD [pooled odds ratio (OR) = 1.70, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.40-2.07, P < 0.001]. There was no association between sCeAD and diabetes (pooled OR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.50-1.01, P = 0.060) or smoking (pooled OR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.68-1.20, P = 0.480). Hyperlipidemia was negatively-associated with sCeAD (OR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.48-0.89, P = 0.007), but with sensitivity analysis, there was no association (OR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.44-1.19, P = 0.200). Conclusion: The meta-analysis reveals that sCeAD has a significant association with hypertension and no association with smoking, diabetes, or hyperlipidemia. These results should direct future research towards exploring biological mechanism of hypertension-induced arterial dissection.

Neuroendovascular treatment via transradial access (TRA) has gained popularity as a minimally invasive technique. However, the flow reversal (FR) system, reported useful in carotid artery stenting (CAS), cannot be applied via TRA because it requires an access route of more than 8 F. Herein, we report the utility of a modified FR system applied via TRA using a sheathless 8-F balloon guide catheter and a 2.6-F balloon catheter.
In a retrospective analysis of a single-center consecutive case series, patients with CAS and vulnerable plaques who were treated with CAS via TRA using a modified FR system from June 2022 to August 2022 were examined. High-intensity spots were assessed on postprocedural diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance images. Puncture site complications at discharge and cardiovascular events for 1 year after CAS were also evaluated.
Ten patients were included in this study. There were no high-intensity spots on diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance images after CAS. No procedure-related complications, including radial artery occlusion or cardiovascular events, were observed.
This study suggests that CAS with FR using our modified system is feasible via TRA and may be an effective technique with a low rate of vascular complications.

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is one of the most serious iatrogenic complications in assisted reproductive technology, which seem rarely associated with cerebrovascular diseases. We reported a patient diagnosed with OHSS combined with carotid artery dissection and massive cerebral infarction.
We reported a unique case of a 31-year-old woman who experienced abdominal pain, blurred consciousness, and speech inability after 15-day continuous injection of human gonadotropin for infertility. Imaging examination showed hyperacute cerebral infarction in the left frontotemporal island parietal lobe and left internal carotid artery dissection. After therapeutic use of low-molecular-weight heparin calcium anticoagulation and other conventional cerebrovascular treatments, she eventually achieved a good prognosis.
OHSS seemd rarely associated with cerebrovascular diseases, such as infarction and carotid artery dissection. Encountering abdominal symptoms combined with neurologic symptoms, a detailed history and a thorough examination are essential. It is necessary to comprehensively analyze the pathogenesis and formulate individualized therapy according to the specific conditions of patients.

We present a case of a 41-year-old female presenting with recurrence of ischemic stroke on subtherapeutic doses of dabigatran. She had a history of embolic stroke of undetermined sources at the age of 40, and underwent implantable cardiac monitor implantation and had started dabigatran. One year after the first ischemic stroke, she presented with sudden dysarthria and left hemiparesis and was admitted to our hospital. An MRI of the head revealed acute cerebral infarction in the right corona radiata, and an MR angiography revealed right M2 occlusion. Cervical 3D-CTA revealed a protruding structure on the posterior wall of the carotid artery bulb, which was diagnosed as carotid web. She underwent carotid endarterectomy, and the specimen was pathologically confirmed to be vascular malformation due to fibromuscular dysplasia.

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