山羊传染性胸膜肺炎(CCPP)是山羊的一种严重疾病,偶尔有绵羊和野生反刍动物,由肺炎支原体(Mccp)引起的。该疾病的特征是严重的血清纤维性胸膜肺炎,非常高的发病率(~100%),死亡率(80-100%)。CCPP影响世界上40多个国家的山羊,从而对全球山羊养殖构成严重威胁。CCPP的特征性临床体征是与血清粘液样鼻腔分泌物相关的严重呼吸窘迫,咳嗽,呼吸困难,发热,胸膜痛,和全身不适。在后期阶段,严重的大叶纤维性胸膜肺炎,大量液体积聚在胸膜腔,观察到肺部严重充血和粘连形成。支原体抗原与宿主免疫系统的相互作用及其在CCPP发病机理中的作用尚不清楚。CCPP不是人畜共患疾病。诊断已经克服了繁琐和冗长的常规测试,包括培养,隔离,并通过高级血清学(LAT,cELISA)或基于基因的DNA扩增(PCR,RFLP,和杂交)和测序。乳胶凝集试验(LAT)是快速的,简单,以及适用于全血或血清的现场和实时诊断更好的测试,并且比CFT更灵敏,比cELISA更容易。此外,抗生素敏感性研究和新型抗生素(氟喹诺酮类药物,大环内酯类)除了预防抗生素耐药性的威胁外,还可以帮助更好的治疗管理。重新审视常规预防措施,重点是开发使用特定抗原(荚膜或细胞)的新型基于菌株或重组疫苗,应该是控制全球疾病的最重要策略。
Contagious
caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) is a serious disease of goats, occasionally sheep and wild ruminants, caused by Mycoplasma capricolum subspecies capripneumoniae (Mccp). The disease is characterized by severe serofibrinous pleuropneumonia, very high morbidity (∼100%), and mortality (80-100%). CCPP affects goats in more than 40 countries of the world thereby posing a serious threat to goat farming around the globe. The characteristic clinical signs of CCPP are severe respiratory distress associated with sero-mucoid nasal discharge, coughing, dyspnea, pyrexia, pleurodynia, and general malaise. In later stages, severe lobar fibrinous pleuropneumonia, profuse fluid accumulation in pleural cavity, severe congestion of lungs and adhesion formation is observed. Mycoplasmal antigen interactions with host immune system and its role in CCPP pathogenesis are not clearly understood. CCPP is not a zoonotic disease. Diagnosis has overcome cumbersome and lengthy conventional tests involving culture, isolation, and identification by advanced serological (LAT, cELISA) or gene-based amplification of DNA (PCR, RFLP, and hybridization) and sequencing. The latex agglutination test (LAT) is rapid, simple, and better test for field and real-time diagnosis applicable to whole blood or serum and is more sensitive than the CFT and easier than the cELISA. Moreover, the studies on antibiotic sensitivity and exploration of novel antibiotics (fluoroquinolones, macrolides) can help in better therapeutic management besides preventing menace of antibiotic resistance. Re-visiting conventional prophylactic measures focussing on developing novel strain-based or recombinant vaccines using specific antigens (capsular or cellular) should be the most important strategy for controlling the disease worldwide.