生物农药替代化学农药对于确保农产品质量和促进环境可持续性至关重要。本研究以稻农生物农药使用意愿和行为为研究对象。基于理性小农理论,从“农民个体和家庭特征”三个方面设计了调查问卷,“农民认知”和“外部因素”。然后对中国吉林省七个地级市的163名稻农进行了调查。采用logistic模型分析导致稻农生物农药施用行为偏离初始意愿的影响因素。利用解释结构模型(ISM)分析各影响因素之间的逻辑层次关系。结果表明:(1)45%的农户被调查,他们对生物农药施用的意愿和行为之间存在偏差;(2)在导致农民对生物农药施用的意愿和行为之间存在偏差的重要因素中,表面层面的直接因素是生物农药意识。中间层次的间接因素是农产品质量安全意识,深层次的根源是农民受教育程度。(3)农民行为偏离其意愿的主要原因是他们对生物农药的知识缺乏和生物农药的不完整市场结构。在综合分析的基础上,建议提高农民的职业化水平,加强绿色生产宣传,加快生物农药市场的制定,进一步促进生物农药的使用。
The substitution of chemical pesticides by
biopesticides is crucial to ensure the quality of agricultural products and to foster environmental sustainability. This
study takes the willingness and the behaviors of rice farmers on the application of
biopesticides as the research object. The survey questionnaire was designed based on the theory of rational small-scale farmers from three aspects: \"individual and family characteristics of farmers\", \"cognition of farmers\" and \"external factors\". The survey was then conducted on 163 rice farmers in seven prefecture-level cities in Jilin Province of China. The logistic model was used to analyze the influencing factors resulting in the deviation of the behaviors of the rice farmers from their initial willingness on the application of
biopesticides. The explanatory structure model (ISM) was used to analyze the logical hierarchical relationship among various influencing factors. The results show that: (1) For 45% of the farmers surveyed, there\'s a deviation between their willingness and behaviors regarding the application of biopesticides; (2) Among the significant factors leading to the deviation between farmers\' willingness and behaviors concerning the application of biopesticides, the surface-level direct factor is biopesticide awareness. The mid-level indirect factors are agricultural product quality and safety awareness and the deep-level root cause is farmers\' education level. (3) The primary reason for the deviation of the farmers\' behaviors from their willingness is their lack of knowledge about biopesticides and the
biopesticides\' incomplete market structure. Based on the comprehensive analysis, it is recommended to improve the professionalization of the farmers, to strengthen the publicity of green production and to accelerate the formulation of the biopesticides market to further promote the usage of
biopesticides.