目的:本系统评价的目的是研究全谷物和大麦的影响,或它们分离的部分,免疫和炎症功能,以及它们对肠道微生物群的影响。根据PRISMA指南进行了结构化文献检索。随机对照试验(RCT)调查了成人食用燕麦或大麦的影响,并报告了以下≥1项:C反应蛋白(CRP),肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α),白细胞介素-6(IL-6),IL-2,IL-8,IL-18,脂多糖结合蛋白(LBP)或肠道微生物群相关结果,包括在内。
结果:共纳入16项随机对照试验,其中6项研究招募了代谢高危人群,包括超重和肥胖的人,代谢综合征或高胆固醇血症。此外,3项试验涉及年轻健康人群,5项试验针对老年人(50岁以上),2项研究涵盖了患有其他疾病状态的人群。共有1091人被纳入短期(长达14天)和长期(超过14天,长达90天)补充燕麦或大麦基产品。9项研究测量了炎症生物标志物,其中5项报道了显着减少,特别是在长期研究中。值得注意的是,在健康个体中没有发现抗炎益处的证据,而涉及代谢高危人群的研究显示,炎症有希望减轻.13项研究测量了对肠道微生物群的影响,并共同表明燕麦和大麦食品可以影响肠道微生物群的组成,在某些情况下与代谢改善有关。燕麦和大麦的消费可能在代谢高危人群中赋予抗炎作用,并影响肠道微生物群的结果。然而,在健康个体中未观察到抗炎益处.这项系统评价的结果表明,由于有限的试验以及干预措施和健康状况的变化,在解释发现时应谨慎。
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this systematic
review was to investigate the effects of whole grain Avena sativa and Hordeum vulgare L., or their isolated fractions, on immune and inflammatory functions, as well as their influence on gut microbiota. A structured literature search was undertaken in line with PRISMA guidelines. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the effects of oats or
barley consumption in adults and reported ≥ 1 of the following: C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-2, IL-8, IL-18, lipopolysacharide binding protein (LBP) or gut microbiota-related outcomes, were included.
RESULTS: A total of 16 RCTs were included, among which 6 studies recruited metabolically at-risk population, including individuals with overweight and obesity, metabolic syndrome or hypercholesterolemia. Additionally, 3 trials involved young healthy population, 5 trials targeted older individuals (aged over 50 years), and 2 studies encompassed populations with other disease states. A total of 1091 individuals were included in the evaluation of short-term (up to 14 days) and long-term (beyond 14 days, up to 90 days) supplementation with oats or barley-based products. 9 studies measured inflammatory biomarkers and 5 of them reported significant reductions, specifically in long-term studies. Notably, no evidence of anti-inflammatory benefits was found in healthy individuals, whereas studies involving metabolically at-risk populations showed promising reductions in inflammation. 13 studies measured the impact on gut microbiota, and collectively suggest that oats and
barley food products can influence the composition of gut microbiota, associated in some cases with metabolic improvements. Oats and
barley consumption may confer anti-inflammatory effects in metabolically at-risk populations and influence gut microbiota outcomes. However, no anti-inflammatory benefits were observed in healthy individuals. Results from this systematic
review suggests caution in interpreting findings due to limited trials and variations in interventions and health conditions.