■吸入性肺炎(AP)是由于吸入物质而引起的肺部感染。报道的发病率因文献和临床人群而异,并与高发病率和死亡率相关。AP的管理最好由多学科团队进行。
■本综述的目的是整理和描述有关AP的现有证据,以加深对护理文献中所代表的AP概念的理解。作为一个协作团队,我们进行了系统制图审查的六个阶段。我们在10个数据库中的200种同行评审的护理期刊中搜索了吸入性肺炎一词,在十年期间(2013-2023年)。
■在这篇评论中,293篇论文被编码。吞咽困难,口腔健康和管饲成为AP最常见的危险因素,以及预防这种情况的最多报道因素。死亡率是AP最常见的后果,其次是住院和发病率。报告了多种管理方法,包括吞咽困难评估,风险评估,口腔护理和改善食物和液体的质地。描述了护士和跨专业合作的角色。
■尽管护理文献中与AP主题相关的证据有限,原因的复杂性,预防,AP的管理和后果出现了。某些因素,比如吞咽困难,口腔健康,和管饲,被描述为预防,AP的原因和管理。提出了多学科方法在AP的管理和预防中的重要性。
UNASSIGNED: Aspiration pneumonia (AP) is an infection of the lungs caused by inhalation of material. The reported incidences vary across literature and clinical populations and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Management of AP is best carried out by a multidisciplinary team.
UNASSIGNED: This aim of this review was to collate and describe the available evidence on AP to develop a greater understanding of the concept of AP as it is represented in the nursing literature. As a collaborative team, we undertook the six stages of a systematic mapping review. We searched for the term aspiration pneumonia in 200 peer reviewed nursing journals across 10 databases, over a ten-year period (2013-2023).
UNASSIGNED: In this review, 293 papers were coded. Dysphagia, oral health and tube feeding emerged as the most frequent risk factors for AP, and the most reported factors for preventing this condition. Mortality was the most commonly described consequence of AP, followed by hospitalisations and morbidity. Multiple management approaches were reported including dysphagia assessment, risk evaluation, oral care and texture modification of food and fluids. The role of nurses and interprofessional collaborations were described.
UNASSIGNED: Despite limited evidence related to the topic of AP in the nursing literature, the complexity of the causes, prevention, management and consequences of AP emerged. Certain factors, such as dysphagia, oral health, and tube feeding, were described under prevention, cause and management of AP. The importance of multidisciplinary approach in the management and prevention of AP was presented.