PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The global population is aging at an unprecedented rate, resulting in a growing and vulnerable elderly population in need of efficient comprehensive healthcare services that include long-term care and skilled nursing facilities. In this context, severe aspiration pneumonia, a condition that carries substantial morbidity, mortality, and financial burden, especially among elderly patients requiring admission to the intensive care unit, has attracted greater concern. Aspiration pneumonia is defined as a pulmonary infection related to aspiration or dysphagia in etiology. Prior episodes of coughing on food or liquid intake, a history of relevant underlying conditions, abnormalities on videofluoroscopy or water swallowing, and gravity-dependent shadow distribution on chest imaging are among the clues that suggest aspiration. Patients with aspiration pneumonia tend to be elderly, frail, and suffering from more comorbidities than those without this condition. Here, we comprehensively address the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and prognosis of severe aspiration community-acquired pneumonia in the elderly to optimize care of this high-risk demographic, enhance outcomes, and minimize the healthcare costs associated with this illness. Emphasizing preventive measures and effective management strategies is vital in ensuring the well-being of our aging population.
摘要：
全球人口正在以前所未有的速度老龄化,导致越来越多的弱势老年人口需要有效的全面医疗保健服务，包括长期护理和熟练的护理设施。在这种情况下，严重吸入性肺炎,一种具有严重发病率的疾病，死亡率,和财政负担，特别是在需要入住重症监护室的老年患者中，引起了更大的关注。吸入性肺炎被定义为与病因上的误吸或吞咽困难相关的肺部感染。先前因食物或液体摄入而咳嗽发作，相关潜在条件的历史，视频透视检查或吞咽水的异常，胸部成像上的重力依赖性阴影分布是提示误吸的线索之一。吸入性肺炎患者往往是老年人，脆弱,患有比没有这种疾病的人更多的合并症。这里,我们全面解决流行病学问题，临床特征,诊断,治疗,预防,以及老年人严重吸入性社区获得性肺炎的预后，以优化对这种高危人群的护理，增强成果，并将与这种疾病相关的医疗费用降至最低。强调预防措施和有效的管理策略对于确保我们老龄化人口的福祉至关重要。
