在加纳,由于血清学的可用性不足,大多数严重真菌病的实验室诊断是基于组织病理学发现,文化,和分子测试。这项研究的目的是评估加纳诊断的真菌病谱。我们回顾性审查了2012年至2021年加纳三个主要病理实验室的报告,以确定表明存在真菌元素和诊断真菌病的报告。然后提取人口统计,临床病史,感染部位,染色使用和诊断的真菌病细节。在这10年期间,发现107例。没有观察到每年或一段时间内病例数的明显上升和下降趋势。受影响患者的年龄范围为4至86岁。仅在107例病例中的22例(20.6%)中使用了真菌的特殊染色剂。受影响最频繁的部位是鼻音区(34%)。58例(54.2%)确定真菌病类型,包括曲霉病(21),念珠菌病(14),皮肤癣菌病(6),毛霉菌病(3),嗜色真菌病各2例,组织胞浆菌病,Eumycetoma,虫卵真菌病,孢子丝菌病和马拉色菌感染以及隐球菌病和深甲真菌病各一例。在有推定诊断数据的53例(49.5%)中,只有7人(13.2%)在活检前怀疑有真菌病.加纳有广泛的真菌病,包括以前没有报道的地方性真菌病。改进特殊真菌染色剂的使用可以提高产量和真菌病鉴定。实验室诊断能力需要增强,以补充血清学的组织病理学调查,文化,和分子方法。
在加纳,真菌病的诊断主要基于组织病理学发现。为了欣赏诊断出的各种真菌病,我们回顾了2012年至2021年主要实验室的报告,发现107例病例,包括地方性,罕见,和以前未报告的真菌染色病例异常使用。
In Ghana, most laboratory diagnoses of severe mycoses are based on histopathology findings due to inadequate availability of serology, culture, and molecular tests. The aim of this
study was to evaluate the spectrum of mycoses diagnosed in Ghana. We retrospectively reviewed reports from 2012 to 2021 from three major pathology laboratories in Ghana to identify reports indicating the presence of fungal elements and diagnosis of a mycosis, then extracted demographic, clinical history, site of infection, stain(s), used and diagnosed mycosis details. Over the 10-year period, 107 cases were found. No apparent increasing and decreasing trend in the number of cases per year or in a period was observed. The age range of affected patients was from 4 to 86 years. Special stains for fungi were only used in 22 of 107 (20.6%) of cases. The most frequently affected site was the sino-nasal area (34%). Mycosis type was determined for 58 (54.2%) cases, comprising
aspergillosis (21), candidiasis (14), dermatophytosis (6), mucormycosis (3), two cases each of chromoblastomycosis, histoplasmosis, eumycetoma, entomophthoromycosis, sporotrichosis, and Malassezia infection and a single case each of cryptococcosis and deep onychomycosis. Of the 53 (49.5%) cases with presumptive diagnosis data, only seven (13.2%) had a pre-biopsy suspicion of mycosis. There is a wide spectrum of mycoses in Ghana, including endemic mycoses not previously reported. Improving the use of special fungal stains could increase yield and mycoses identification. Laboratory diagnostic capacity needs enhancement to complement histopathology investigations with serology, culture, and molecular methods.
In Ghana, diagnosis of mycoses is mainly based on histopathology findings. To appreciate the varied mycoses diagnosed, we reviewed the reports of major laboratories from 2012 to 2021 and found 107 cases including endemic, rare, and previously unreported cases with fungal stains unusually used.