新的证据表明,肠道菌群失调与内脏超敏反应(VH)的发病机理有关。然而,肠道微生物群如何促进VH的发展尚不清楚。这里,我们试图检查从肠道到背根神经节(DRG)的信号转导途径。因此,腹部戒断反射(AWR)评分,粪便输出,粪便含水量,在Con大鼠中评估总胃肠道通过时间(TGITT),VH大鼠,用NaB治疗的大鼠,和用VSL#3处理的VH大鼠。粪便微生物群及其代谢产物(短链脂肪酸,SCFA),结肠肥大细胞脱颗粒,进一步检测lincRNA-01028、miR-143、蛋白酶激酶C(PKC)和TRPV1在DRGs中的表达。VH大鼠显示粪便含水量增加,缩短的TGITT,粪便样本中严格梭状芽孢杆菌1的丰度增加和丁酸增加,肥大细胞脱粒增加,lincRNA-01028,PKC的表达增加,和TRPV1,与对照大鼠相比,DRGs中miR-143的表达降低,可以通过应用益生菌VSL#3来恢复。在用丁酸盐处理的大鼠中的上述检测与VH大鼠的检测相似。我们进一步证实丁酸盐是否在体外通过肥大细胞通过lincRNA-01028、miR-143和PKC依赖性机制致敏DRG神经元。在共同文化中,用丁酸盐处理的MC引起更高的TRPV1电流,更高的表达的lincRNA-01028,PKC,DRG神经元中miR-143的表达较低,可以被lincRNA-01028抑制剂抑制。这些发现表明丁酸通过肥大细胞来源的DRG神经元lincRNA-01028-PKC-TRPV1途径促进内脏超敏反应。重要肠易激综合征(IBS),以内脏过敏为特征,是一种常见的胃肠功能紊乱综合征。尽管肠道菌群在肠易激综合征(IBS)的发病机制和治疗中起作用,可能的潜在机制尚不清楚.因此,确定负责该体外和体内测定的从肠道到DRG的信号转导途径至关重要。这项研究表明,丁酸通过lincRNA-01028,miR-143和PKC依赖性机制在体内和体外通过肥大细胞致敏DRG神经元中的TRPV1。VH大鼠类似地表现出增加的梭状芽孢杆菌1的丰度,增加的粪便丁酸,肥大细胞脱粒增加,与对照组大鼠相比,TRPV1的表达增加,这可以通过VSL#3的应用来恢复。总之,由改变的肠道微生物群产生的丁酸与增加的VH相关。
Emerging evidence indicates that gut dysbiosis is involved in the pathogenesis of visceral hypersensitivity (VH). However, how gut microbiota contributes to the development of VH is unknown. Here, we sought to examine the signal transduction pathways from gut to dorsal root ganglion (DRG) responsible for this. Therefore, abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) scores, fecal output, fecal water content, and total gastrointestinal transit time (TGITT) were assessed in Con rats, VH rats, rats treated with NaB, and VH rats treated with VSL#3. Fecal microbiota and its metabolite (short-chain fatty acids, SCFAs), mast cell degranulation in colon, lincRNA-01028, miR-143, and protease kinase C (PKC) and TRPV1 expression in DRGs were further detected. VH rats showed an increased fecal water content, a shortened TGITT, an increased abundance of Clostridium sensu stricto 1 and increased butyrate in fecal samples, an increased mast cell degranulation, an increased expression of lincRNA-01028, PKC, and TRPV1, and a decreased expression of miR-143 in DRGs compared with control rats, which could be restored by the application of probiotic VSL#3. The above-mentioned detection in rats treated with butyrate was similar to that of VH rats. We further confirm whether butyrate sensitized DRG neurons by a lincRNA-01028, miR-143, and PKC-dependent mechanism via mast cell in vitro. In co-cultures, MCs treated with butyrate elicited a higher TRPV1 current, a higher expression of lincRNA-01028, PKC, and a lower expression of miR-143 in DRG neurons, which could be inhibited by a lincRNA-01028 inhibitor. These findings indicate that butyrate promotes visceral hypersensitivity via mast cell-derived DRG neuron lincRNA-01028-PKC-TRPV1 pathway.IMPORTANCEIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS), characterized by visceral hypersensitivity, is a common gastrointestinal dysfunction syndrome. Although the gut microbiota plays a role in the pathogenesis and treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), the possible underlying mechanisms are unclear. Therefore, it is of critical importance to determine the signal transduction pathways from gut to DRG responsible for this in vitro and in vivo assay. This study demonstrated that butyrate sensitized TRPV1 in DRG neurons via mast cells in vivo and in vitro by a lincRNA-01028, miR-143, and PKC-dependent mechanism. VH rats similarly showed an increased abundance of Clostridium sensu stricto 1, an increased fecal butyrate, an increased mast cell degranulation, and increased expression of TRPV1 compared with control rats, which could be restored by the application of VSL#3. In conclusion, butyrate produced by the altered intestinal microbiota is associated with increased VH.