BACKGROUND: Salivary gland tumors are relatively rare. Most minor salivary gland tumors are malignant with benign tumors accounting for 18% of the tumors. Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is the most common salivary gland tumor. Lip PA is uncommon with 9.8% occurring in the upper lip. We are adding on the knowledge of the rare upper lip PA (benign mixed tumor).
METHODS: We report an upper lip PA (benign mixed tumor) in a 28-year-old man. His complaint was a painless swelling on the upper lip. A painless, non-tender, well-circumscribed, slightly mobile, sessile, nodular, and rubbery (in consistency) tumor measuring 5.0 cm x 2.0 cm was noted on the left side of his upper lip. The overlying skin was not fixed and of normal color. There was no ulceration, and palpation did not elicit pain or bleeding. There was no history of trauma. Blunt dissection was used to completely excise the nodular, whitish, and encapsulated tumor. Microscopy showed a well-circumscribed and partly encapsulated biphasic lesion, with large lobules of myxo-chondroid stroma and intervening cellular nodules of basaloid cells, well-formed tubules containing eosinic secretion, and nests of myoepithelial cells. A diagnosis of PA (benign mixed tumor) was confirmed.
CONCLUSIONS: Blunt dissection is indicated to preserve the cosmesis and function of the upper lip.

Congenital midline sinus of the upper lip are rare congenital malformations. We recently identified a case featuring a congenital midline sinus of the upper lip. The punctate opening was positioned at the midline of the philtrum, immediately below the base of the columella. Surgical removal of the sinus tract was conducted through an intraoral approach. Up to now, fewer than 70 cases have been reported. Several postulates, including the fusion theory, merging theory, and invagination theory, have been proposed to explain the formation of the congenital midline sinus of the upper lip. Nevertheless, the etiology of this uncommon abnormality remains unclear. This report details a case of a congenital upper lip sinus presenting as a congenital midline sinus of the upper lip and reviews the current literature on this condition.

UNASSIGNED: Schwannoma, a benign tumor originating from Schwann cells, is a rare case found intraorally. The tongue, palate and buccal mucosa are the most common sites of intraoral Schwannoma while it is very rarely found on the lips. Previous studies reported only twelve cases of Schwannoma on the upper lip. The etiology of Schwannoma is unknown, but in some literature, Schwannoma occurs due to a defect in the NF2 gene. Management of Schwannoma is excision of the capsule. The prognosis is good, and the recurrency is low. This article reports a rare case of upper lip Schwannoma in adolescent and its management with its histological, immunohistochemical and pathogenesis aspects.
METHODS: A 16-years old female presented a painless, semi-solid, mobile lump on the upper lip measuring of approximately 1.5 × 3 cm that had similar color with the surrounding tissue. The lump appeared 7 years ago.
UNASSIGNED: Excision of the capsule and margins of the tumor. Histopathological examination showed a unique feature of Schwannoma, the Verocay bodies. Subsequent immunohistochemical examination of S100 protein showed a classic type of Schwannoma.
CONCLUSIONS: Upper lip schwannoma is a very rare tumor, and this type of tumor cannot be distinguished from other benign soft tissue tumors based on clinical findings. Immunohistochemical results are in accordance with the Histopathological results for the final diagnosis of Schwannoma. Schwannoma can be used as a differential diagnosis in cases of lumps on the lips with sessile, similar color like surrounding tissue, painless, and movable features.

Basal cell adenoma (BCA) is a rare, benign tumor originating from the epithelial cells of the salivary glands. It was earlier categorized as a subtype of monomorphic adenoma with distinctive histopathological features. BCA usually manifests as asymptomatic, slow-growing masses that exhibit a site and age predilection, commonly affecting the major salivary glands of elderly female patients. Histologically, solid, trabecular, tubular, and membranous patterns are recognized. It is imperative to establish a precise distinction between BCA, pleomorphic adenoma, and malignant salivary gland tumors before initiating treatment to ensure effective management. The standard treatment approach is surgical resection of the tumor. Recurrence and malignant transformation rarely occur, except for the membranous subtype. This article aims to report an unusual case of BCA arising from a minor salivary gland in the upper lip. The post-operative course was unremarkable, with complete healing of the surgical site. No recurrence was observed during a one-year follow-up. BCA arising from a minor salivary gland in the upper lip is an extremely uncommon entity. A comprehensive review of BCA in the upper lip, reported from 1991 to December 2023, revealed only 14 cases.

BACKGROUND: Although pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is the most common neoplasm of both minor and major salivary glands, its presence in the buccal surface of upper lip is rare.
METHODS: A 70-year-old male presented with a chief complaint of recent rapid growth of a mass in the buccal aspect of the upper lip. A well-circumscribed mass measuring 3 × 2 cm with intact overlying mucosa without regional lymphadenopathy was evident. Core needle biopsy report was suggestive of PA. Complete excision of the tumor was performed. The defect was large and primary closure was not possible. Reconstruction with FAMM flap was planned. After 4 weeks, the flap was covered with epithelia and created a satisfactory result.
CONCLUSIONS: The definite diagnosis of PA is based on histopathological examination. The following features help to differentiate PA from other tumors; tubuloalveolar and gland-like structures, islands of cuboidal or polygonal cells in a chondroid, hyalinized, fibroadipose or mucinous hypocellular stroma which are stained positively for periodic acid-Schiff and Alcian. Despite these characteristics, differentiation of PA from dermal mixed tumor may be challenging especially when the specimen is from the upper lip. The main advantages of FAMM.F are being thin and pliable flap, having wide arc of rotation; being suitable for reconstruction of mucosal defects; resistance against postoperative radiotherapy and easy harvesting.
CONCLUSIONS: The FAMM flap is a reliable reconstruction technique for medium-sized intraoral defects with limited morbidity to the donor site. It provides functional reconstruction of the oral cavity with a low risk of post-operative complications.

Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common salivary gland tumor which accounts for about 60% of all salivary neoplasms. It is also known as \"mixed tumor because of its wide cytomorphologic diversity\". Pleomorphic adenoma salivary glands mostly occurs on the palate, but the involvement of the upper lip is rare. The present report describes a case of a 62-year-old male with asymptomatic firm nodular swelling attached with upper lip which was later diagnosed as pleomorphic adenoma in the excisional biopsy.

UNASSIGNED: Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is the most frequent benign salivary gland tumor, but a lip PA is rare. Although this tumor may be definitively diagnosed by imaging or a tissue biopsy if it is reasonably large, PAs on the lip are relatively small, and they present findings that are similar to those of other lip lesions, which can make a preoperative diagnosis difficult.
UNASSIGNED: We analyzed all PAs in the oral region and lesions on the lips treated in our department over the past 20 years, and we discuss them together with the relevant literature.
UNASSIGNED: We found that 11.8% (n=6) of the PAs occurred on a lip (upper lip: 9.8%, lower lip: 2.0%), and ~1% of all mass lesions of the lips were PAs. The average size of the lip PAs was 1.5±0.7 cm (range, 0.7-2.2 cm). For preoperative diagnostic assistance, ultrasonography (US) (n=4), magnetic resonance (MR) (n=3), or no imaging (n=2) was used. An excisional biopsy was performed in all cases, and to date, no recurrence or malignant transformation has been observed.
UNASSIGNED: Lip PA is relatively rare. Because almost all of these lesions are small, a preoperative diagnosis is more difficult compared to palatal lesions. This tumor is also prone to long-term neglect and has the potential for recurrence and malignant transformation. It is thus necessary to perform an excision that includes the capsule and surrounding tissues, and careful postoperative follow-up should be continued.

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Pleomorphic adenoma (PA), also called mixed tumor, is the most common benign tumor of the salivary glands that mostly occurs in the parotid or submandibular glands but may also occur in the minor salivary glands that are distributed throughout the oral cavity. The common sites of PA of the minor salivary glands are the palates followed by lips and cheeks. Surgical removal with adequate margins is the principal treatment. We present a case of PA (arising from the minor salivary gland of the upper lip) - a rare site in a 65-year-old female who presented with a swelling upper lip of 2-year duration. Fine-needle aspiration cytology of the swelling revealed PA which was confirmed by histopathological examination after complete excision of the swelling.