背景:已经在多项研究中证明了微生物在纺织品上,特别是在医疗保健专业人员(HCP)服装上的存活。微生物在纺织品上粘附和保持长达几小时或几天的能力提出了关于它们在从纺织品经由HCP传播到患者的皮肤中的可能作用的问题。
目的:为了评估存在,从HCP服装到皮肤上的不同多药耐药细菌(MDRB)的存活和传播。
方法:三种MDRB[耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA);耐万古霉素屎肠球菌(VRE);耐碳青霉烯类肺炎克雷伯菌,CRKP)]以108个菌落形成单位(CFU)的浓度接种在磨砂(60%棉-40%聚酯)和白大衣(100%棉)的纺织品上,105CFU,和103CFU/mL。以1分钟的时间间隔划分样本的接种,5分钟,15分钟,30分钟,1h,2h,3h,4h,5h,和6小时。在每个周期结束时,将纺织品压印到猪皮上,并将每个皮肤正方形倒置到三种不同的选择性显色介质上。在上述三个浓度下,3个MDRB记录了猪皮方块的生长,对于6小时实验的整个长度。
结果:在整个6小时研究期间,从所有浓度的猪皮中回收了MRSA。从浓度为108CFU/mL的VRE中回收6小时,从105CFU/mL中回收3小时,而在103CFU/mL时没有生长。CRKP从108CFU/mL回收6h,从105CFU/mL到30分钟,从103CFU/mL的浓度持续1分钟。
结论:当前研究的证据表明,即使在低浓度下,MRSA也可以在纺织品上持续存在并传播至皮肤6小时。事实上,即使在较低的浓度下,所有MDRB都可以持续并转移到皮肤上,支持纺织品被认为是细菌传播的载体。
BACKGROUND: The survival of microorganisms on
textiles and specifically on healthcare professionals\' (HCP) attire has been demonstrated in several studies. The ability of microorganisms to adhere and remain on
textiles for up to hours or days raises questions as to their possible role in transmission from textile to skin via HCP to patients.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the presence, survival and transmission of different multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDRB) from HCP attire onto skin.
METHODS: Three MDRB [methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA); vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE); carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, CRKP)] were inoculated on textiles from scrubs (60% cotton-40% polyester) and white coat (100% cotton) at concentrations of 108 colony-forming units (CFU), 105 CFU, and 103 CFU per mL. The inoculation of swatches was divided in time intervals of 1 min, 5 min, 15 min, 30 min, 1 h, 2 h, 3 h, 4 h, 5 h, and 6 h. At the end of each period,
textiles were imprinted onto pig skins and each skin square was inverted onto three different selective chromogenic media. Growth from the pig skin squares was recorded for the 3 MDRB at the three above concentrations, for the whole length of the 6-h experiment.
RESULTS: MRSA was recovered from pig skins at all concentrations for the whole duration of the 6-h
study. VRE was recovered from the concentration of 108 CFU/mL for 6 h and from 105 CFU/mL for up to 3 h, while showing no growth at 103 CFU/mL. CRKP was recovered from 108 CFU/mL for 6 h, up to 30 min from 105 CFU/mL and for 1 min from the concentration of 103 CFU/mL.
CONCLUSIONS: Evidence from the current
study shows that MRSA can persist on
textiles and transmit to skin for 6 h even at low concentrations. The fact that all MDRB can be sustained and transferred to skin even at lower concentrations, supports that textiles are implicated as vectors of bacterial spread.