不同工业活动使用和生产的有害物质对环境和人类健康构成潜在风险。不同的物理化学和/或生物过程用于工业废水处理;这些方法,然而,可能无法有效去除这些物质。进行这项研究是为了比较评估通过土耳其主要工业使用的常规废水处理工艺去除有害物质。在纺织制造和皮革生产部门进行了四季监测研究,代表土耳其的工业活动。分析了欧盟定义的45种优先物质和《土耳其地表水质量条例》中列出的250种特定污染物的样品。对于这两种废水,预处理后进行生物处理,它们的特征表明有机物几乎被完全去除。除了二氯甲烷(去除44-51%)和二恶英和二恶英样化合物(去除64-69%)。此外,对金属获得了不同的去除率(16-97%);观察到B的去除率较差,Ba,Ag,Sb,还有Si。剩余的金属(Cu,Pb,Sb,V,纺织用硅;Cr,Cu,Sb,处理过的废水中皮革废水的Si)仍高于接受水体的环境质量标准(EQS)。研究表明,现有的处理工艺不足以有效去除有害物质,因此迫切需要对其进行改进。最后,提出了针对特定污染物的先进处理技术及其单位处理成本。
Hazardous substances used and produced by different industrial activities pose a potential risk to the environment and to human health. Different physicochemical and/or biological processes are used in industrial wastewater treatment; these methods, however, may not be effective in removing these substances. This study was carried out to comparatively evaluate the removal of hazardous substances through conventional wastewater treatment processes that are used by major industries in Turkey. A four-season monitoring study was carried out in textile manufacturing and leather production sectors, representing industrial activities in Turkey. Samples were analyzed for 45 priority substances defined by the European Union and 250 specific pollutants listed in the Turkish Regulation on Surface Water Quality. For both wastewaters, where biological treatment was performed after pretreatment, their characteristics showed that organics were almost completely removed. except for dichloromethane (44-51% removals) and dioxin and dioxin-like compounds (64-69% removals). Additionally, different removal ratios (16-97%) were obtained for metals; the poorer removal was observed for B, Ba, Ag, Sb, and Si. The remaining metals (Cu, Pb, Sb, V, Si for textile; Cr, Cu, Sb, Si for leather effluents) in the treated wastewaters were still higher than environmental quality standards (EQS) of receiving water bodies. The study revealed that existing treatment processes were not adequate for efficient hazardous substance removal and there is an urgent need to improve them. Finally, advanced treatment technologies were suggested for specific pollutants together with their unit treatment costs.