背景:欺凌被认为是儿童和青少年学校环境中最重要的社会和健康问题之一。在意大利,欺凌涉及11-17岁之间的10个孩子中的2个,这些孩子在一个月内被欺负过两次或两次以上。在西西里,在过去两个月内遭受至少一次欺凌的11至15岁儿童的估计患病率在2011年为14%.
方法:由30个项目组成的调查问卷,口头和间接欺凌,欺凌的观察者,弹性,并对巴勒莫省10所一年级中学的青春期前进行了亲社会管理,以分析与欺凌现象相关的患病率和因素。此外,我们进行了系统的文献综述(SLR),分析了报道全球欺凌现象流行的手稿.
结果:调查:共有867名学生,属于巴勒莫10所不同学校的35个班级和31个班级,意大利,在调查中被招募。物理欺凌的值包括在单个问题方法的4%和7分方法检测到的近40%之间。言语欺凌在15.9%和66.3%之间波动。观察者的平均值从15.8%到47.5%不等。SLR:估计的患病率显示出相当大的波动。在一些北欧国家,欺凌现象的发生率很低,而在盎格鲁-撒克逊国家,它影响了超过四分之一的中学生人口(马里兰州为28%,美国和英国的21%)。
结论:使用三种不同方法进行的这项调查记录的欺凌现象的患病率与国际文献中的观察结果相似。在西西里的语境中,在上主要课程的青春期前青少年和社会经济指数较低的学校中,欺凌现象的患病率更高。尽管仍然很难获得明确的数据来阐明不同类型的欺凌行为的普遍性,持续调查患病率和与该现象相关的因素是在公共卫生计划中引入干预措施和预防措施的必要起点。
BACKGROUND: Bullying is recognized as one of the most significant social and health problems in the school environment for children and adolescents. In Italy, bullying involved 2 in 10 kids between 11-17 years that referred to have been bullied two or more times in a month. In
Sicily, the estimated prevalence of children aged 11 to 15 that suffered at least one act of bullying in the last two months was 14% in 2011.
METHODS: A questionnaire consisting of 30 items investigating physical, verbal and indirect bullying, observers of bullying, resiliency, and prosociality was administered to preadolescents of ten first-grade secondary schools within the Palermo Province in order to analyze prevalence and factors associated with bullying phenomenon. Also, a systematic literature
review (SLR) analyzing manuscripts that reported prevalence of the bullying phenomenon worldwide was conducted.
RESULTS: Survey: a total of 867 students, belonging to 35 s and 31 third classes of ten different schools in Palermo, Italy, were recruited in the survey. The values of physical bullying are included between the 4% of the single question method and the almost forty percent detected by the score of 7 method. Verbal bullying oscillates between 15.9% and 66.3%. Observers average values varies from 15.8% to 47.5%. SLR: the estimated prevalence showed a considerable fluctuation. The occurrence of the bullying phenomenon was low in some Northern European countries, while in Anglo-Saxon countries it affected over a quarter of the middle school student population (28% in Maryland, USA and 21% in the UK).
CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of the bullying phenomenon recorded by this survey with the three different methods used is similar to observations in international literature. In the Sicilian context, a higher prevalence of bullying phenomena was observed in pre-adolescents attending major classes and in schools with lower socio-economic index. Though it remains difficult to obtain univocal data that clarifies the prevalence of different type of bullying, the continuous investigation of prevalence and factors associated with the phenomenon is a necessary starting point to introduce interventions and preventive measures in Public Health programs.