背景:过敏性疾病给全球带来了巨大的疾病负担,然而,夜间光照对人类这些疾病的影响尚未得到全面评估。我们旨在通过系统评价和荟萃分析,总结考虑夜间光照与主要过敏性疾病之间关联的现有证据。
方法:我们完成了对六个数据库的搜索,两个登记册,和谷歌学者从成立到2023年12月15日,并包括调查夜间人造光影响的研究(ALAN,高vs.低暴露),时间型(晚上vs.早晨时间型),或轮班工作(夜间与白班工作)对过敏性疾病结果(哮喘,过敏性鼻炎,和皮肤过敏)。我们进行了逆方差随机效应荟萃分析,以检查暴露之间的关联(ALAN暴露,时间型,或轮班工作)和这些过敏结果。分层分析按暴露类型进行,疾病类型,参与者年龄,地理位置和敏感性分析,以评估发表偏倚。
结果:我们在综述中纳入了12篇出版物。我们发现晚上暴露于光线与过敏性疾病的几率更高,与ALAN暴露观察到的最强关联(OR:1.88;95%CI:1.04至3.39),其次是夜间时间型(OR:1.35;95%CI:0.98~1.87)和夜班暴露(OR:1.33;95%CI:1.06~1.67)。当分析按疾病类型分层时,夜间光照与哮喘显著相关(OR:1.62;95%CI:1.19~2.20),过敏性鼻炎(OR:1.89;95%CI:1.60至2.24),和皮肤过敏(OR:1.11;95%CI:1.09至1.91)。我们还发现,青少年夜间光照与过敏性疾病之间的关联(OR:1.63;95%CI:1.07至2.48)比成年人(OR:1.30;95%CI:1.03至1.63)更为深刻。此外,我们观察到夜间光照与过敏性疾病之间的相关性存在显著的地理差异.
结论:夜间光照与过敏性疾病的患病率较高有关,年轻人和成年人。需要进行更长期的流行病学和机制研究,以了解夜间光线与过敏性疾病之间可能的相互作用。
BACKGROUND: Allergic diseases impose a significant global disease burden, however, the influence of light at night exposure on these diseases in humans has not been comprehensively assessed. We aimed to summarize available evidence considering the association between light at night exposure and major allergic diseases through a systematic
review and meta-analysis.
METHODS: We completed a search of six databases, two registries, and Google Scholar from inception until December 15, 2023, and included studies that investigated the influence of artificial light at night (ALAN, high vs. low exposure), chronotype (evening vs. morning chronotype), or shift work (night vs. day shift work) on allergic disease outcomes (asthma, allergic rhinitis, and skin allergies). We performed inverse-variance random-effects meta-analyses to examine the association between the exposures (ALAN exposure, chronotype, or shiftwork) and these allergic outcomes. Stratification analyses were conducted by exposure type, disease type, participant age, and geographical location along with sensitivity analyses to assess publication bias.
RESULTS: We included 12 publications in our
review. We found that exposure to light at night was associated with higher odds of allergic diseases, with the strongest association observed for ALAN exposure (OR: 1.88; 95% CI: 1.04 to 3.39), followed by evening chronotype (OR: 1.35; 95% CI: 0.98 to 1.87) and exposure to night shift work (OR: 1.33; 95% CI: 1.06 to 1.67). When analyses were stratified by disease types, light at night exposure was significantly associated with asthma (OR: 1.62; 95% CI: 1.19 to 2.20), allergic rhinitis (OR: 1.89; 95% CI: 1.60 to 2.24), and skin allergies (OR: 1.11; 95% CI: 1.09 to 1.91). We also found that the association between light at night exposure and allergic diseases was more profound in youth (OR: 1.63; 95% CI: 1.07 to 2.48) than adults (OR: 1.30; 95% CI: 1.03 to 1.63). Additionally, we observed significant geographical variations in the association between light at night exposure and allergic diseases.
CONCLUSIONS: Light at night exposure was associated with a higher prevalence of allergic diseases, both in youth and adults. More long-term epidemiological and mechanistic research is required to understand the possible interactions between light at night and allergic diseases.