背景:在医疗机构中发生的性侵犯严重违反了公众的信任。这项范围审查旨在突出被强奸者的形象,那些在医疗机构内实施强奸的人,以及为解决案件采取的法律行动。
方法:收集了媒体报道的有关医疗机构强奸事件的数据。搜索于2023年5月和6月进行,重点是英文出版物,可访问全文。缺乏幸存者信息的报告或在医疗机构以外发生的事件被排除在外。描述性统计数据用于总结收集的出版物的类别,和图形表示用于可视化目的。
结果:共检索到62例,源自非洲(n=17;27.4%),欧洲(n=14;22.6%),东南亚(n=14;22.6%),美洲(n=11;17.7%),西太平洋地区(n=5;8.1%)和东地中海地区(n=1;1.6%)。此外,59例涉及69例。他们是31名医生(44.9%),17名(24.6%)护士,四名(5.8%)护士/医疗助理,三名(4.3%)清洁工/病房男童,两名(2.9%)传统医生,和两名(2.9%)保安。其他包括六名(8.7%)没有指定的工作人员和一名(1.4%)救护车司机。所有肇事者都是男性,年龄从22岁到67岁不等。在62起案件中,有66名受害者,年龄从2岁到92岁不等。除了一个案子,所有的受害者都是女性,除了一个病例外,所有病例都是病人。大多数袭击发生在诊室/诊所(n=21;31.8%),16例(24.2%)发生在镇静下,六人(9.1%)被多次强奸,幸存者通常向警方报案(n=12;19.4%),家人/朋友(n=11;17.7%)或医院当局(n=10;16.1%)。在69名肇事者中,19人(30.6%)被监禁,刑期从12个月到无限期不等,1人(1.6%)被判处死刑。
结论:医疗保健机构内的医疗保健提供者强奸患者需要采取紧急和广泛的措施。医疗保健管理中的利益相关者需要优先提高对问题的认识,实施强有力的预防和报告策略,创造安全的医疗环境,尊敬的,并支持所有寻求护理的人。
BACKGROUND: Sexual assault occurring within healthcare settings represents a significant breach of public trust. This scoping review aimed to highlight the profile of people raped, those who committed the rape within the health facilities, and the legal actions taken to resolved cases.
METHODS: Media-reported data on incidents of rape in healthcare settings were collected. The search was conducted in May and June 2023, focusing on English-language publications with accessible full texts.
Reports that lacked information on the survivors or incidents that occurred outside of healthcare settings were excluded. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the categories of the collected publications, and graphical representations were employed for visualization purposes.
RESULTS: A total of 62 cases were retrieved, originating from Africa (n = 17; 27.4%), Europe (n = 14; 22.6%), Southeast Asia (n = 14; 22.6%), the Americas (n = 11; 17.7%), the Western Pacific Region (n = 5; 8.1%) and Eastern Mediterranean region (n = 1; 1.6%). In addition, 69 individuals were implicated in 59 cases. They were 31 doctors (44.9%), 17 (24.6%) nurses, four (5.8%) nurse/healthcare assistants, three (4.3%) cleaners/ward boy, two (2.9%) traditional medical doctors, and two (2.9%) security guards. Others included six (8.7%) staff members without designations and one (1.4%) ambulance driver. All perpetrators were male, ranging in age from 22 to 67 years. There were 66 victims identified in the 62 cases with age ranging from 2 to 92 years. Except for one
case, all victims were female, and all but one
case were patients. Most assaults occurred in consulting rooms/clinics (n = 21; 31.8%), 16 (24.2%) happened under sedation, and six (9.1%) were repeatedly raped, Survivors typically reported the cases the police (n = 12; 19.4%), family/friends (n = 11; 17.7%) or to hospital authorities (n = 10; 16.1%). Out of the 69 perpetrators, 19 (30.6%) were imprisoned with sentences ranging from 12 months to an indefinite period and one (1.6%) received a death sentence.
CONCLUSIONS: The raping of patients by healthcare providers within healthcare settings calls for urgent and extensive measures. Stakeholders in healthcare management need to prioritize raising awareness about the problem, implement robust prevention and reporting strategies, and create healthcare environments that are safe, respectful, and supportive for all individuals seeking care.