野猪,巴西有影响力的入侵物种,受到人口控制活动的影响,这通常包括使用猎犬。猎人通常食用野猪肉,也用来喂他们的狗,构成弓形虫感染人类和弓形虫和犬新孢子虫的风险。该研究旨在调查来自圣保罗的野猪(n=127)和猎犬(n=73)的感染率,南里奥格兰德州,和巴拉那州。我们采用了组织病理学,血清学(间接荧光抗体测试),和分子技术(终点聚合酶链反应)。野猪组织病理学切片(中枢神经系统,心,骨骼肌,肝脏,脾,脾肾,胃肠道,胰腺,淋巴结,和甲状腺)切片显示没有弓形虫或犬囊囊肿(0/47)。抗体抗T.在35/108(32.4%)和抗-N中检测到弓形虫。45/108(41.7%)野猪中的犬。只有2/18(11.1%)野猪组织匀浆样品在终点PCR中对弓形虫呈阳性。狩猎犬在62/73(85%)中显示出抗弓形虫的抗体,在31/73(42%)中显示出抗犬奈瑟菌的抗体。野猪和猎犬中存在抗弓形虫和犬奈瑟菌的抗体,以及在野猪中检测弓形虫DNA,表示这些寄生虫的循环。教育猎人预防这些食源性疾病,包括人畜共患病的风险,至关重要。
The wild boar, an impactful invasive species in Brazil, is subject to population control activities, which often include the use of hunting dogs. Hunters commonly consume wild boar meat, which is also used to feed their dogs, posing a risk of Toxoplasma gondii infection for humans and both T. gondii and Neospora caninum for dogs. The study aimed to investigate the prevalence of infection in wild boars (n = 127) and hunting dogs (n = 73) from São Paulo, Rio Grande do Sul, and Paraná states. We employed histopathological, serological (indirect fluorescent antibody test), and molecular techniques (endpoint polymerase chain reaction). Histopathology slides of wild boar tissue (central nervous system, heart, skeletal muscle, liver, spleen, kidney, gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, lymph nodes, and thyroid) sections revealed no T. gondii or N. caninum cysts (0/47). Antibodies anti-T. gondii were detected in 35/108 (32.4%) and anti-N. caninum in 45/108 (41.7%) wild boars. Only 2/18 (11.1%) wild boar tissue homogenate samples tested positive for T. gondii on endpoint PCR. Hunting dogs showed antibodies against T. gondii in 62/73 (85%) and against N. caninum in 31/73 (42%). The presence of antibodies against T. gondii and N. caninum in wild boars and hunting dogs, along with T. gondii DNA detection in wild boars, indicates the circulation of these parasites. Educating hunters on preventing these foodborne diseases, including zoonotic risks, is crucial.