免疫系统在肿瘤的形成和发展中起着复杂的作用。一方面,免疫监视可以抑制肿瘤的生长;另一方面,肿瘤的免疫逃避可以创造有利于肿瘤发展和生长的条件。CircRNA是在真核生物中大量表达的具有共价闭环结构的内源性非编码RNA。它们的特点是结构稳定,丰富的多样性,和高度的进化保守性。特别是,circRNAs在发生中起着至关重要的作用,发展,并通过其独特的功能治疗肿瘤。最近,消化系统癌症的发病率和死亡率,尤其是那些胃癌,结直肠癌,和肝癌,仍然很高。然而,circRNAs在消化性癌症免疫中的功能鲜为人知。本文首次系统地讨论了circRNAs与消化肿瘤免疫之间的关系。CircRNA通过作为miRNA的分子海绵,影响胃肠道肿瘤的免疫微环境,促进其发生发展,与蛋白质相互作用,和调节选择性剪接。circRNA疫苗甚至为肿瘤免疫治疗提供了新思路。未来的研究应该集中在位置上,交通运输,和circRNA在活细胞中的降解机制以及circRNA与肿瘤免疫的关系。本文为胃肠道肿瘤的诊断和治疗提供了新的思路。
The immune system plays a complex role in tumor formation and development. On the one hand, immune surveillance can inhibit the growth of tumors; on the other hand, immune evasion of tumors can create conditions conducive for tumor development and growth. CircRNAs are endogenous non-coding RNAs with a covalently closed loop structure that are abundantly expressed in eukaryotic organisms. They are characterized by stable structure, rich diversity, and high evolutionary conservation. In particular, circRNAs play a vital role in the occurrence, development, and treatment of tumors through their unique functions. Recently, the incidence and mortality of digestive cancers, especially those of gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, and liver cancer, have remained high. However, the functions of circRNAs in digestive cancers immunity are less known. The relationship between circRNAs and digestive tumor immunity is systematically discussed in our paper for the first time. CircRNA can influence the immune microenvironment of gastrointestinal tumors to promote their occurrence and development by acting as a miRNA molecular sponge, interacting with proteins, and regulating selective splicing. The circRNA vaccine even provides a new idea for tumor immunotherapy. Future studies should be focused on the location, transportation, and degradation mechanisms of circRNA in living cells and the relationship between circRNA and tumor immunity. This paper provides a new idea for the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal tumors.