Abstract：
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a novel class of endogenous non‑coding RNAs that have been recently regarded as functionally active. CircRNAs are remarkably stable and known to possess several biological functions such as microRNA sponging, regulating transcription and splicing and occasionally acting as polypeptide‑producing templates. CircRNAs show tissue‑specific expression and have been reported to be associated with the progression of several types of malignancies. Given the recent progress in genome sequencing and bioinformatics techniques, a rapid increment in the biological role of circRNAs has been observed. Concurrently, the patent search from different patent databases shows that the patent number of circRNA is increasing very quickly. These phenomena reveal a rapid development of the technological landscape. In the present review, the recent progress on circRNAs in various kinds of cancer has been investigated and their function as biomarkers or therapeutic targets and their technological landscape have been appreciated. A new insight into circRNAs structure and functional capabilities in cancer has been reviewed. Continually increasing knowledge on their critical role during cancer progression is projecting them as biomarkers or therapeutic targets for various kinds of cancer. Thus, recent updates on the functional role of circRNAs in terms of the technological landscape, clinical opportunities (biomarkers and therapeutic targets), and challenges in cancer have been illustrated.
摘要：
环状RNA（circularRNAs，circRNAs）是一类新型的内源性非编码RNA，最近被认为具有功能活性。CircRNAs非常稳定，已知具有几种生物学功能，如microRNA海绵，调节转录和剪接，偶尔充当产生多肽的模板。CircRNAs显示组织特异性表达，并已被报道与几种恶性肿瘤的进展有关。鉴于基因组测序和生物信息学技术的最新进展，已经观察到circRNAs的生物学作用迅速增加。同时,从不同专利数据库的专利检索显示，circRNA的专利数量正在迅速增加。这些现象揭示了技术景观的快速发展。在本次审查中，已经研究了circRNAs在各种癌症中的最新进展，并且已经认识到它们作为生物标志物或治疗靶标的功能以及它们的技术前景。对癌症中circRNAs结构和功能能力的新见解进行了综述。关于它们在癌症进展过程中的关键作用的知识不断增加，将它们作为各种癌症的生物标志物或治疗靶标。因此，最近关于circRNAs在技术环境方面的功能作用的更新，临床机会（生物标志物和治疗目标），并说明了癌症的挑战。
