肺动脉高压(PH)是一种慢性进行性疾病,死亡率高。关于AMPK在PH中的作用的研究越来越多。AMPK由三个亚基-α组成,β,和γ。这些子单元之间的串扰最终导致影响PH的微妙平衡,这导致关于AMPK在PH中的作用的相互矛盾的结论。尚不清楚这些亚基如何相互干扰并达到平衡以改善或恶化PH。AMPK在PH治疗中的几个信号通路与,包括AMPK/eNOS/NO通路,Nox4/mTORC2/AMPK通路,AMPK/BMP/Smad通路,和SIRT3-AMPK途径。在这些途径中,AMPK/eNOS/NO和Nox4/mTORC2/AMPK通路的作用和机制比其他通路更清楚,而SIRT3-AMPK通路在PH的治疗中仍不清楚。有针对AMPK的药物可以改善PH,如二甲双胍(MET),MET组合,和红景天提取物.此外,几个新的因素靶向AMPK来改善PH,如ADAMTS8,TUFM,和盐诱导型激酶。然而,未来还需要更多的研究来探索与这些新因子相关的AMPK信号通路。总之,AMPK在PH中起重要作用。
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a chronic progressive disease with high mortality. There has been more and more research focusing on the role of AMPK in PH. AMPK consists of three subunits-α, β, and γ. The crosstalk among these subunits ultimately leads to a delicate balance to affect PH, which results in conflicting conclusions about the role of AMPK in PH. It is still unclear how these subunits interfere with each other and achieve balance to improve or deteriorate PH. Several signaling pathways are related to AMPK in the treatment of PH, including AMPK/eNOS/NO pathway, Nox4/mTORC2/AMPK pathway, AMPK/BMP/Smad pathway, and SIRT3-AMPK pathway. Among these pathways, the role and mechanism of AMPK/eNOS/NO and Nox4/mTORC2/AMPK pathways are clearer than others, while the SIRT3-AMPK pathway remains still unclear in the treatment of PH. There are drugs targeting AMPK to improve PH, such as metformin (MET), MET combination, and rhodiola extract. In addition, several novel factors target AMPK for improving PH, such as ADAMTS8, TUFM, and Salt-inducible kinases. However, more researches are needed to explore the specific AMPK signaling pathways involved in these novel factors in the future. In conclusion, AMPK plays an important role in PH.