背景:关于前列腺癌(PCa)风险和PCa治疗结果的影响患者行为的因素知之甚少。同样,PCa治疗如何影响患者的性功能和男性气质尚未得到充分研究.更好地了解PCa患者的性别和性别之间的关系可以显着改善他们的护理和生活质量。
目的:回顾对性别和性别的关注如何影响男性对PCa筛查的态度,诊断,和治疗。探讨PCa如何影响性功能和自我感知的男性身份。研究变性人PSA筛查的背景。
方法:我们回顾了生物医学和社会学文献,探讨PCa对患者性功能和使用OVID的自我感知男性气质的影响,PubMed,和其他数据库。我们同样回顾了男性性别规范如何影响患者参与PCa筛查的意愿,诊断,和治疗。
结果:性别规范和性功能问题影响患者参与PCa治疗的各个方面。这包括PSA筛查,直肠指检,主动监测,和雄激素剥夺疗法(ADT)等。ADT对性功能特别具有挑战性,自尊,和男性身份。我们的研究表明性别和性别不是分开的概念,而是紧密地交织在一起,特别是在处理PCa患者所经历的现实时。
结论:如果同时解决患者的性需求和对性别规范的理解,帮助患者应对PCa及其治疗挑战的干预措施可能是最有效的。对于患癌症和长期激素治疗风险较大的变性人,应考虑进行PSA筛查。需要更多的研究来了解对性别和性别的关注如何影响PCa筛查,诊断,和治疗。还需要关于变性患者长期暴露于激素治疗的肿瘤结果的长期数据。MuermannMM,WassersugRJ.从性别和性别角度来看前列腺癌:综述。《性医学》2021版;XX:XXX-XXX。
BACKGROUND: Factors influencing patient behavior regarding risk of prostate cancer (PCa) and outcomes of PCa treatments are poorly understood. Similarly, how PCa treatments affect patient sexual function and sense of their masculinity has not been fully investigated. A better understanding of the relationship between sex and gender for patients with PCa could significantly improve their care and quality of life.
OBJECTIVE: To
review how concerns about sex and gender influence men\'s attitudes toward PCa screening, diagnosis, and treatment. To explore how PCa influences sexual function and self-perceived masculine identity. To examine contexts for PSA screening for transgender individuals.
METHODS: We reviewed biomedical and sociological literature exploring the impact of PCa on patient sexual function and self-perceived masculinity using OVID, PubMed, and other databases. We similarly reviewed how masculine gender norms influence patient willingness to engage with PCa screening, diagnoses, and treatment.
RESULTS: Gender norms and sexual function concerns influence patient engagement in all aspects of PCa care. This includes PSA screening, digital rectal examinations, active surveillance, and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) amongst others. ADT is particularly challenging to sexual function, self-esteem, and masculine identity. Our research suggests that sex and gender are not separate concepts, but rather tightly intertwined, particularly when dealing with the realities experienced by patients with PCa.
CONCLUSIONS: Interventions to help patients deal with the challenges of PCa and its treatment are likely to be most effective if they concurrently address patients\' sexual needs and understanding of gender norms. PSA screening should be considered for transgender individuals who are at greater risk of cancer and on long-term hormone therapy. More research is needed on how concerns over sex and gender influence PCa screening, diagnosis, and treatment. There is also a need for long term data on the oncological outcomes of prolonged exposure to hormone therapy for patients who are transgender. Muermann MM, Wassersug RJ. Prostate Cancer From a Sex and Gender Perspective: A
Review. Sex Med Rev 2021;XX:XXX-XXX.