UNASSIGNED: Pregnancy-related pelvic girdle pain (PPGP) is estimated to affect between 20% and 70% of pregnant women with 10% experiencing it for more than 3 months postpartum. Women may also experience depression during this period. Understanding the prevalence of depression in women with PPGP is important to inform clinical management. This systematic review aimed to examine the prevalence of depression in women with PPGP in the antepartum and postpartum periods.
UNASSIGNED: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Seven databases were searched from inception until May 24, 2023, combining keywords relating to pelvic girdle pain (PGP), depression, and pregnancy. Two investigators independently screened study titles and abstracts against the eligibility criteria, extracting data characteristics of all included studies. Included articles were assessed for risk of bias. Summary estimates of the prevalence of depression were calculated with a random effects meta-analysis (stratified by antepartum and postpartum periods).
UNASSIGNED: Eleven studies (3172 participants) were included with nine suitable for meta-analysis. The overall summary estimate of prevalence of depression among women with PPGP was 24% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 15%-37%), with significant heterogeneity between studies (I 2 = 97%, p < 0.01). Among individual studies, the estimates ranged from 18% to 48% in the antepartum PGP population and from 5% to 39% in the postpartum PGP population. The summary estimate in the antepartum group was 37% (95% CI = 19%-59%; prediction interval 8%-81%) and 15% (95% CI = 7%-30%; prediction interval 3%-56%) in the postpartum group, although time (antepartum vs. postpartum) did not have a statistically significant moderating effect (p = 0.06). Two thirds of the studies were undertaken with Scandinavian populations, limiting the generalizability of these findings.
UNASSIGNED: Summary estimates for the prevalence of depression in women with PPGP are similar to previous studies investigating depression in the general peri-natal population.

BACKGROUND: While previously considered a transient condition, with no lasting adverse impact, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is now a well-established risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The risk of developing T2DM appears to be particularly high in the first few years after childbirth, providing a compelling case for early intervention. This review provides an up-to-date systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effectiveness of interventions to reduce incidence of T2DM in women with a recent history of GDM.
METHODS: The search was conducted on October 20, 2023 with an annual surveillance planned for the next 5 years to maintain a living systematic review. The inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials of any type in women within 5 years of GDM-complicated pregnancy that reported outcomes of T2DM diagnosis or measures of dysglycemia with a follow-up of at least 12 months.
RESULTS: Seventeen studies met our inclusion criteria and have been included in this review. There were 3 pharmacological and 14 lifestyle interventions. Intervention was not associated with significant reduction in the primary outcome of T2DM (risk ratio, 0.78; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.43-1.41; p = 0.41; I2 = 79%) compared with the control group (placebo or usual care). However, meta-analysis of the four studies reporting hazard ratios suggested a reduction in diabetes incidence (hazard ratio, 0.68; 95% CI: 0.48-0.97; p = 0.03; I2 = 31%).
CONCLUSIONS: This review provides equivocal evidence about the efficacy of interventions to reduce the risk of T2DM in women within 5 years of GDM-complicated pregnancy and highlights the need for further studies, including pharmacotherapy.

This study aimed to provide a systematic overview of existing quantitative research on the effects of psychotherapy interventions given to women with stillbirth on the grief process and depression in the postpartum period and to analyze the results. Four databases (PubMed (MEDLINE), Cochrane, Google Scholar, Web of Science) were searched between January-March 2024. Risk of bias and precision of evidence were assessed with the Cochrane risk of bias tool ROB-2 and ROBIN-1. Ten studies were included. Meta-analysis results showed that psychotherapeutic interventions significantly reduced the grief adaptations of mothers in the mourning process and there was a significant difference in the assessment of grief adaptation. Sub-group analyzes revealed mothers\' depression values and stress levels compared to the control groups and there was a significant difference between the groups. Psychotherapeutic interventions given to women positively affect their grief adaptation and reduce stress, anxiety, and depression.PROSPERO ID: CRD42024516195.

UNASSIGNED: Postpartum Depression (PPD) is a common illness with long-term effects on mother and child. Nutrition is a crucial factor in mental health, but research findings on its connection to PPD are inconsistent. This review aims to explore the correlation between PPD and dietary patterns.
UNASSIGNED: We conducted a comprehensive search of several databases including PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, ISI and ISI/Web of Science (WOS), Scopus, and Iranian databases such as Magiran, Scientific Information Database (SID), and IRANDOC from 2003 to 2020. Our search was based on the keywords \"postpartum depression\" and \"nutrition, vitamin D, Folic acid, iron, zinc, and vitamins.\" We applied the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist to select articles based on inclusion/exclusion criteria. Of the 100 articles identified, only 24 articles met our criteria and were selected for further analysis.
UNASSIGNED: Research suggests that low levels of vitamin D, iron, folate, and carbohydrates, and an unhealthy diet lacking in vegetables are potential causes of PPD. However, the impact of zinc, omega-3 essential fatty acids, and other nutrients such as antioxidants, vitamin E, and vitamin C on PPD is unclear due to conflicting information. Additionally, limited research has been conducted on the association between group B vitamins and PPD.
UNASSIGNED: In conclusion, we can lower the risk of PPD by providing dietary guidance and working with healthcare providers. It is important to pay attention to our diet and make sure we are consuming enough vitamins and nutrients to support our mental health.

UNASSIGNED: There is limited data on use of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for management of psychiatric disorders during the postpartum period from India.
UNASSIGNED: We aimed to assess the demographic and clinical profile of patients receiving ECT during the postpartum period for various psychiatric disorders using a retrospective study design.
UNASSIGNED: ECT register of the department was reviewed for the period of January 2019 to December 2023 to identify the patients who received ECT during the postpartum period. The treatment records of these patients were evaluated to extract the demographic and clinical profile.
UNASSIGNED: During the study period, 10 patients received ECT during the postpartum period. The mean age of the study sample was 27 (standard deviation [SD]: 2.9) years. Majority of the patients were inpatients (70%) at the time of receiving ECT. Five patients were diagnosed with first-episode depression with postpartum onset, and two patients had postpartum-onset psychotic disorder. One patient was diagnosed with recurrent depressive episode and one with bipolar disorder, current episode mania with psychotic symptom, at the time of receiving ECT. The mean number of ECTs during the ECT course was 6.7 (SD: 3.09). Nine out of the 10 patients showed good response to ECT.
UNASSIGNED: Although ECT is less frequently used for management of postpartum psychiatric disorders, its use is associated with significant clinical improvement.

暂无摘要。

The transition to parenthood is perhaps the only time in adult life when the brain changes to such a significant degree in such a short period, particularly in birthing parents. It is also a time when there is an increased risk of developing a mental illness, which may be due, in part, to the increased neuroplasticity. Thus, we must develop interventions and treatments that support parents and promote parental brain health. This review will highlight key findings from current research on how human brain structure and function are modified with 1) the transition to parenthood, 2) parenting stress and perinatal mental illness, and 3) treatments aimed at promoting perinatal mental health. The focus will be on birthing parents and mothers, but brain changes in non-birthing parents will also be discussed. Improvements in our understanding of the parental brain, in health and with illness, will promote the well-being of generations to come.

BACKGROUND: The optimal duration of magnesium administration postpartum for prevention of eclampsia has not yet been established. Our objective was to investigate the effect of early discontinuation of postpartum magnesium on the rates of postpartum eclampsia compared to continuation for 24-hours postpartum.
METHODS: Searches were performed using keywords related to \"preeclampsia\" and \"magnesium sulfate\" from inception of database until August 2023. Randomized controlled trials of women with preeclampsia were included if they received magnesium prior to delivery and were randomized to early discontinuation versus 24-hours of magnesium postpartum. The primary outcome was the rate of postpartum eclampsia.
RESULTS: Nine RCTs with 2183 women were included with five different magnesium administration time frames. In total, seven patients with postpartum eclampsia were reported in three studies. Eclampsia rates were not different between the two groups (5/1088 (0.5 %) after early discontinuation, versus 2/1095 (0.2 %) in the 24-hour group; RR 2.25, 95 % CI 0.5-9.9, I2 = 0 %, 8 studies, 2183 participants). A number needed to treat was calculated; 374 women would need to receive 24-hours of magnesium postpartum to prevent one episode of postpartum eclampsia. The early discontinuation group had a significant decrease in time to ambulation (-9.1 h, 95 % CI -14.7 - (-3.6), I2 = 98 %, 3 studies, 1509 participants) and breastfeeding (-8.4 h, 95 % CI -12.0 - (-4.8), I2 = 98 %, 2 studies, 1397 participants).
CONCLUSIONS: Early magnesium discontinuation postpartum, usually ≤6 h or none at all, did not significantly increase the rate of postpartum eclampsia, however this study is likely underpowered to demonstrate a difference. The number needed to treat is similar to the number needed to treat for antepartum preeclampsia without severe features, for which magnesium is not recommended. The largest proportion of women did not receive magnesium postpartum after receiving at least 8 h of magnesium intrapartum (e.g., loading and maintenance dose). Thus, it is reasonable to consider not using magnesium postpartum, particularly if a woman has received similar adequate dose prior to delivery.

Background/Objectives: The infrequent occurrence of pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) during pregnancy and in postpartum, with its subsequent diagnostic intricacies, caused us to present the following case. Methods: This article describes a rare case of PG in postpartum in a patient without any prior pathology and a short review of the literature, aiming to identify similar rare instances. Results: We conducted a literature review to ascertain the prevalence of postpartum pyoderma gangrenosum, and we identified a total of 41 cases. Conclusions: Our article underlines again the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration for the prompt identification and commencement of necessary therapeutic interventions in postpartum women afflicted by pyoderma gangrenosum.

OBJECTIVE: Suicide attempts (SA) during perinatal period have the potential to adversely affect a woman\'s health and her developing infant. To date, little is known about perinatal SA and their risk factors. This study aimed to synthetize the evidence on risk factors of SA in pregnant and postpartum women.
METHODS: We systematically reviewed studies retrieved from PubMed/Medline, PsycINFO, and CINAHL, following the PRISMA guidelines for reporting. A meta-analysis was conducted only for risk factors examined in at least three distinct samples.
RESULTS: A total of ten studies were eligible for inclusion. All the studies found significant associations in regression models between perinatal SA and other variables (sociodemographic, clinical factors obstetric, neonatal, and psychosocial). The meta-analysis showed that unmarried women (pooled OR = 1.87, 95% CI = 1.26-2.78), with no higher education (pooled OR = 1.89, 95% CI = 1.31-2.74) and affected by a mood disorder (pooled OR = 11.43, 95% CI = 1.56-83.87) have a higher risk of postpartum SA; women who smoke during pregnancy (pooled OR = 3.87, 95% CI = 1.35-11.11) have a higher risk of SA in pregnancy; and women with previous suicidal behavior(pooled OR = 38.04, 95% CI = 3.36-431.17) have a higher risk of perinatal SA, whether during pregnancy or in the postpartum period. The type of sample, whether community or clinical, is a relevant moderating factor.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study extends prior reviews about suicidal behaviors in women by studying perinatal suicide attempts independently, as well as it synthesized data on some sociodemographic, clinical, and obstetric/neonatal risk factors. Further studies about specific risk factors for perinatal SA are needed in order to improve early detection and intervention of women at risk.
CONCLUSIONS: Suicide attempts during pregnancy and the postpartum period pose a severe risk to the health of women and the development of their infants. Despite their importance, little is known about specific risk factors for these attempts during the perinatal period. This study is the first meta-analysis to synthesize risk factors associated with suicide attempts in pregnant and postpartum women. We found that unmarried women, those without higher education, and those with mood disorders are at higher risk for postpartum suicide attempts; women who smoke during pregnancy are at higher risk for suicide attempts during pregnancy; and those with previous suicidal behavior are at higher risk for perinatal suicide attempts. Our study extends prior reviews by independently examining perinatal suicide attempts and synthesizing data on sociodemographic, clinical, and obstetric/neonatal risk factors. Further studies on specific risk factors for perinatal suicide attempts are needed to improve early detection and intervention for women at risk.