■胸腺上皮肿瘤(TET),包括胸腺瘤和胸腺癌,是罕见的纵隔肿瘤.手术切除是可切除的TET的治疗策略,和术后放疗(PORT),以改善复发风险高的患者的局部控制。TET的稀有性导致缺乏随机对照试验,目前PORT的适应症主要依靠回顾性研究。这篇综述分析了有关TET的文献,突出显示端口,指导当前的研究和未来的调查。
■专注于TETS的研究,谈到港口的主题,并且有在线访问的英文摘要有资格纳入我们的审查。我们排除了病例报告或审查文章,用英语以外的语言写的文章,文章发表于30年前,和有关胸腺神经内分泌肿瘤的文章。
■Masaoka或Masaoka-Koga分期,世界卫生组织(WHO)组织学亚型,和切除状态指示切除的TET中的PORT。目前的文献表明,PORT不能改善I-IIA期TET的总体生存率,对于IIB-III阶段的测试结果不一致。风险较高的患者,如癌症或WHOB型,如果他们不发生远处转移,可能会受益于PORT。确定哪些患者将从PORT中受益最多需要进一步调查。对于经常性的TETS,应用PORT的意义尚不清楚,因为现有数据有限.鉴于TET的长期生存,晚期毒性,包括放射性肺炎,辐射诱导的心脏毒性,和继发性恶性肿瘤,必须解决。与传统的光子束放射治疗相比,质子束放射治疗可以通过使器官处于危险中来降低毒性。采用高精度放射治疗,随着新兴的免疫疗法,靶向治疗,和微创手术,可以改善TET结果。
■这篇评论合并了有关台球端口的文献,考虑到Masaoka-Koga分期,WHO组织学亚型,和切除状态。关于PORT功效的不同结果导致IIB-III期TET的未定义策略。尽管先进的放射治疗技术有望减少辐射引起的毒性,需要进一步的研究来研究PORT和联合治疗的疗效.
UNASSIGNED: Thymic epithelial tumors (TETs), including thymomas and thymic carcinomas, are rare mediastinal tumors. Surgical resection is the treatment strategy for resectable TETs, and postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) is administered to improve local control in patients with a high risk of recurrence. The rarity of TETs has led to a lack of randomized controlled trials, and the current indications for PORT rely largely on retrospective studies. This
review analyzes the literature on TETs, highlighting PORT, to guide current research and future investigations.
UNASSIGNED: Studies that focused on TETs, addressed topics on PORT, and had English abstracts accessible online were eligible for inclusion in our
review. We excluded case reports or
review articles, articles written in languages other than English, articles published >30 years ago, and articles concerning thymic neuroendocrine tumors.
UNASSIGNED: Masaoka or Masaoka-Koga staging, World Health Organization (WHO) histological subtype, and resection status indicate PORT in resected TETs. Current literature suggests that PORT does not improve overall survival in stage I-IIA TETs, with inconsistent results for stage IIB-III TETs. Patients with a higher risk, such as carcinomas or WHO type B, might benefit from PORT if they do not develop distant metastasis. Determining which patients will benefit most from PORT requires further investigation. For recurrent TETs, the significance of applying PORT is unclear because available data are limited. Given the long-term survival of TETs, late toxicities, including radiation pneumonitis, radiation-induced cardiotoxicities, and secondary malignancies, must be addressed. Proton beam radiotherapy might reduce toxicities by sparing organs at risk compared to conventional photon beam radiotherapy. The use of high-precision radiation therapy, along with emerging immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and minimally invasive surgery, could improve TET outcomes.
UNASSIGNED: This
review consolidates the literature on PORT for TETs, factoring in the Masaoka-Koga staging, WHO histological subtypes, and resection status. Varying results regarding PORT efficacy have led to an undefined strategy for stage IIB-III TETs. Although advanced radiotherapy techniques promise to reduce radiation-induced toxicities, further research is needed to investigate the efficacy of PORT and combination therapy.