■涉及人类参与者的试验需要在临床研究环境中进行的实验或观察。目前,在美国有超过16,000项临床试验。尽管继续努力将“特殊人群”纳入临床试验,未成年人或老年人的参与存在差距,来自历史上代表性不足的少数民族,或者生活在农村社区。将这些特殊人群纳入临床试验研究对于使所有人群受益的结论至关重要。数据表明,特殊人群的研究participation率已降至可能危及某些类型研究成功执行的水平。这在21世纪尤其令人担忧,美国的人口趋势继续向老年人和西班牙裔人口转变,农村居民较少。新墨西哥州和其他少数族裔占多数的州的趋势反映了其中的许多变化。
■在这篇评论中,我们重点介绍了提高特殊人群成员参与临床试验的改进策略.不同临床试验参与和结果的关键驱动因素通常包括遗传学差异,生理学,以及对研究人员不信任的看法。为了克服这些障碍,我们从参与者的角度关注招聘策略的最佳实践,研究人员和支持临床试验的机构。
UNASSIGNED: Trials that involve human participants call for experiments or observations that are performed in a clinical research setting. Currently, there are over 16,000 clinical trials open in the United States. Despite continuing efforts to include \"special
populations\" in clinical trials, there are gaps in participation for people who are either minors or elderly adults, are from historically under-represented minorities, or live in rural communities. The inclusion of these special
populations in clinical trials research is essential for conclusions that benefit all
populations. Data suggest that study partic-ipation rates for special
populations have fallen to levels that could endanger the successful performance of some types of research. This is particularly concerning in the 21st century, where demographic trends in the United States continue to shift towards an older and Hispanic population with fewer rural dwellers. Trends in New Mexico and other minority-majority states mirror many of these shifts.
UNASSIGNED: In this review, we highlight improvement strategies for enhanced clinical trial participation by members of special
populations. Key drivers for disparate clinical trials participation and outcomes often include differences in genetics, physiology, and perceptions of mistrust towards researchers. To overcome these barriers, we focus on best practices in recruitment strategies from the perspectives of the participants, the researchers and the institutions that support clinical trials.