To summarize the distribution of types of human papillomavirus (HPV) associated with HPV-related diseases and investigate the potential causes of high prevalence of HPV 52 and 58 by summarizing the prevalence of lineages, sub-lineages, and mutations among Chinese women. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, CNKI, and WanFang from January, 2012 to June, 2023 to identify all the eligible studies. We excluded patients who had received HPV vaccinations. Data were summarized in tables and cloud/rain maps. A total of 102 studies reporting HPV distribution and 15 studies reporting HPV52/HPV58 variants were extracted. Among Chinese women, the top five prevalent HPV types associated with cervical cancer (CC) were HPV16, 18, 58, 52, and 33. In patients with vaginal cancers and precancerous lesions, the most common HPV types were 16 and 52 followed by 58. For women with condyloma acuminatum (CA), the most common HPV types were 11 and 6. In Chinese women with HPV infection, lineage B was the most prominently identified for HPV52, and lineage A was the most common for HPV58. In addition to HPV types 16, which is prevalent worldwide, our findings revealed the unique high prevalence of HPV 52/58 among Chinese women with HPV-related diseases. HPV 52 variants were predominantly biased toward lineage B and sub-lineage B2, and HPV 58 variants were strongly biased toward lineage A and sub-lineage A1. Further investigations on the association between the high prevalent lineage and sub-lineage in HPV 52/58 and the risk of cancer risk are needed. Our findings underscore the importance of vaccination with the nine-valent HPV vaccine in China.

High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is etiologically related to cervical cancer, other anogenital cancers and oropharyngeal carcinomas. Low-risk HPV, especially HPV6 and HPV11, cause genital warts and laryngeal papillomas. However, the accumulating data suggests that HPV6 and HPV11 may cause malignant lesions at non-cervical anatomic sites. This review aims to estimate the proportions of single and dual HPV6/11 infections in multiple cancers reported in the last 10 years in the Cochrane, Embasa and PubMed databases. Secondly, the genomes of HPV6/11 were compared with the most common high-risk genotype, HPV16, to determine the similarities and differences. A total of 11 articles were selected, including between one and 334 HPV+ cancer patients. The frequencies of single or dual HPV6/11 infections ranged between 0-5.5% for penile and 0-87.5% for laryngeal cancers and were null for vulvar, vaginal and oral cancers. The genomic similarities between HPV6/11 and HPV16 mainly involved the E7 gene, indicating a limited ability to block cell differentiation. The presence of single or dual HPV6/11 infections in variable proportions of penile and laryngeal cancers support the vaccination strategies that cover these genotypes, not only for preventing genital warts but also for cancer prevention. Other risk factors and co-carcinogens are likely to participate in epithelial carcinogenesis associated with low-risk HPV.

Laryngeal human papillomavirus (HPV) infection causes recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) and accounts for up to 25% of laryngeal cancers. Lack of satisfactory preclinical models is one reason that treatments for these diseases are limited. We sought to assess the literature describing preclinical models of laryngeal papillomavirus infection.
PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched from the inception of database through October 2022.
Studies searched were screened by two investigators. Eligible studies were peer-reviewed, published in English, presented original data, and described attempted models of laryngeal papillomavirus infection. Data examined included type of papillomavirus, infection model, and results including success rate, disease phenotype, and viral retention.
After screening 440 citations and 138 full-text studies, 77 studies published between 1923 and 2022 were included. Models used low-risk HPV or RRP (n = 51 studies), high-risk HPV or laryngeal cancer (n = 16), both low- and high-risk HPV (n = 1), and animal papillomaviruses (n = 9). For RRP, 2D and 3D cell culture models and xenografts retained disease phenotypes and HPV DNA in the short term. Two laryngeal cancer cell lines were consistently HPV-positive in multiple studies. Animal laryngeal infections with animal papillomaviruses resulted in disease and long-term retention of viral DNA.
Laryngeal papillomavirus infection models have been researched for 100 years and primarily involve low-risk HPV. Most models lose viral DNA after a short duration. Future work is needed to model persistent and recurrent diseases, consistent with RRP and HPV-positive laryngeal cancer.
NA Laryngoscope, 133:3256-3268, 2023.

A verruca is a human papillomavirus-associated infection of the mucosal or cutaneous epithelium. Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma is an invasive skin cancer that commonly occurs on sun-exposed locations. Human papillomavirus infection has also been demonstrated to be a cocarcinogen, along with ultraviolet radiation, in the pathogenesis of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. A 63-year-old man presented with a verrucous nodule of nine months duration on his dorsal left hand. The clinical differential diagnosis included a wart and a small punch biopsy of the lesion showed a verruca. The lesion continued to enlarge and the possibility of a squamous cell carcinoma was considered. A second larger shave biopsy of the residual lesion was performed and the microscopic evaluation revealed not only a benign verruca at the lateral portion of the nodule but also an invasive squamous cell carcinoma in the center of the lesion. We hypothesize that the patient\'s human papillomavirus-associated wart may have contributed to the development of his cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Therefore, in an individual with a clinically suspected or biopsy-confirmed wart that persists despite lesion-directed treatment, additional evaluation of the lesion should be considered to assess whether an alternative or concurrent tumor, such as a cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, is present.

Feline oral squamous cell carcinoma (FOSCC) is the most common oral neoplasia in cats. This malignant tumor is locally invasive, has a high mortality rate, and its etiology is not yet known. In humans, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is associated with tobacco smoke, alcohol consumption, and human papillomavirus infection. Herein, a critical review about the potential etiologic factors of FOSCC was performed, considering publications between 2000 and 2022, aiming to synthesize all available scientific evidence regarding this issue. Recommendations of the PRISMA statement and the Cochrane Collaboration were followed and the PubMed database searched by using the MeSH terms MeSH terms \"oral\", \"mouth\", \"lingual\", \"labial\", \"gingiva\", \"carcinoma\", \"squamous\", and \"feline\". The selection process for eligible studies was based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria and the quality of the studies assessed. The initial search resulted in 553 publications, with only 26 of these being included in the review. Sixteen studies were related to viral etiology and nine related to environmental factors such as exposure to tobacco smoke, ectoparasitic products, and the presence of oral comorbidities. When evaluated, feline papillomavirus was detected in 16.2% of samples of FOSCC. In the three studies focused on exposure to tobacco smoke, 35.2% (30/85) of cats with FOSCC had a history of this exposure. The consumption of canned food and the use of deworming collars were associated, in only one publication, with a risk of neoplasia increased by 4.7 and 5.3 times, respectively. Among 485 cats with FOSCC, 6.4% had dental and oral pathology (i.e., periodontal disease or feline chronic gingivostomatitis). The present study demonstrates that the available evidence on the etiology of FOSCC is still limited, however, there has been an increasing interest on this topic. To better understand the role of the possible etiological factors of this aggressive disease, and model for its human counterpart, large, prospective multi-institutional studies are needed.

UNASSIGNED: This integrative review explores the barriers to and facilitators for human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination among adult transgender and gender diverse (TGD) people in the United States.
UNASSIGNED: A systematic search of electronic databases included PubMed/MEDLINE, CINAHL, and EMBASE from 1985 to 2020.
UNASSIGNED: Inclusion criteria included studies from the United States that described HPV vaccination barriers or facilitators and included adult TGD participants, both quantitative and qualitative studies. Exclusion criteria were studies that reported only HPV vaccine prevalence, non-English/non-U.S. studies, and studies limited to pediatric populations.
UNASSIGNED: Two investigators used Covidence software to screen studies and manage data extraction. Quality of the quantitative studies was appraised using a checklist proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI); qualitative studies were appraised using quality criteria informed by the literature.
UNASSIGNED: The Social Ecological Model guided the review to organize barriers to and facilitators for HPV vaccination at the patient-, provider-, and system-levels.
UNASSIGNED: Database searches and hand-searching yielded 843 citations. After screening, eight articles were retained in the review. Seven were cross-sectional studies and one was a qualitative focus-group. All retained quantitative studies met six of the eight JBI quality checklist items.
UNASSIGNED: The low proportion of TGD participants in the retained studies highlights a gap in knowledge about HPV vaccination among this population. Future studies of HPV vaccination should recruit TGD people to better represent their perspectives.

BACKGROUND: The spread of cervical squamous cell carcinoma to the inner surface of the uterus with replacement of the endometrium is rare. Continuity of the lesion must be demonstrated to confirm superficial spread and rule out concomitant endometrial cancer.
METHODS: We present the case of a 66-year-old white woman with superficial spreading squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix that involved the endometrium. Her relevant past history included conization of the cervix to treat cervical intraepithelial neoplasia III with positive margins. She subsequently had three negative cervical vaginal cytology results, each with a positive high-risk human papillomavirus test. Transvaginal ultrasound showed occupation of the entire uterine cavity by dense material consistent with pyometra in addition to myometrial thinning due to tension and cervical dilation. The patient presented with greenish vaginal discharge of 3 months\' duration. The cervix was not visible during speculum examination. Access for endometrial sampling was not possible, raising suspicion of post-conization cervical stenosis. The patient was treated with laparoscopic hysterectomy with double adnexectomy. Histologic examination showed superficial squamous cell carcinoma invading the cervix to a depth of 2.8 mm; superficial spreading squamous cell carcinoma in situ was also observed in the lower uterine segment and endometrium. The patient was free of symptoms 12 months after surgery.
CONCLUSIONS: Squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix with superficial spread to the endometrium is not included in the 2020 (fifth edition) World Health Organization Classification of Female Genital Tract Tumors or the 2018 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics cervical cancer staging system. More clinical cases are needed to identify other prognostic factors and inform clinical practice guidelines on the management of this disease.

Despite the high risks associated with human papillomavirus (HPV), the HPV vaccination rate of men is far lower than women. Most previous review studies have focused on female vaccination and related affecting factors. However, previous studies have reported that the factors affecting HPV vaccination differ by gender.
The aim of this review was to identify the factors affecting HPV vaccine initiation in men through a systematic review approach.
A literature review was conducted across 3 central electronic databases for relevant articles. A total of 30 articles published between 2013 and 2019 met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed in this study.
In total, 50 factors affecting HPV vaccination in men were identified, including 13 sociodemographic factors and social structure factors, 12 belief-related variables, 4 family factors, 4 community factors, 14 variables related to needs, and 3 environmental factors.
To increase HPV vaccination rates in men, strategies targeting young males and their families should consider frequent visits to or contact with health care providers so that health care professionals can provide recommendations for HPV vaccination.

Cutaneous infections can occur on tattoos. Tattoo-associated viral infections can be caused by human papillomavirus. A verruca vulgaris developed on the tattoo of a 44-year-old woman; the viral lesion appeared 21 years after she received the tattoo and had been increasing in size during the prior five years. Biopsy of the lesion not only confirmed the diagnosis but also removed most of the wart; the patient declined any additional treatment. In addition to verruca vulgaris (27 individuals), verruca plana (14 individuals) and human immunodeficiency virus-associated acquired epidermodysplasia verruciformis (two men) are human papillomavirus lesions that have been observed to occur on tattoos. The latency period from receiving the tattoo to the appearance of the wart has ranged from one month to 21 years; the median duration was 21 months for verruca vulgaris and 24 months for verruca plana. The warts most frequently appeared in the dark, usually black, inked areas of the tattoo; indeed, it has been postulated that the ink created a cutaneous immunocompromised district that enhanced the opportunity for the viral lesions to occur in the tattoo. The use of contaminated instruments or ink during tattoo inoculation is the most likely etiology for the development of a wart on a tattoo. However, other potential mechanisms for human papillomavirus to occur on a tattoo include transmission of the virus from the tattoo artist\'s ungloved hand or saliva, a preexisting (albeit unrecognized) human papillomavirus lesion adjacent to or at the site of the tattoo, and postinoculation acquisition of the verruca at the site of the tattoo. Topical retinoid or imiquimod, used as a single agent, was not effective in the treatment of the warts. Some of the patients who were treated with cryotherapy using liquid nitrogen did not achieve any improvement of their viral lesions. However, other patients observed resolution of most or all their warts when cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen, either as monotherapy or followed by topical application of 5% imiquimod cream, was used; yet, following treatment, these individuals experienced mild distortion of their tattoo and/or hypopigmentation. Curettage and squaric acid dibutyl ester contact immunotherapy were both successful approaches to the management of tattoo-associated warts. In addition, warts were efficaciously managed with either photodynamic therapy or treatment with an ablative erbium:yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) laser followed by topical application of 5% imiquimod cream.

Gastric cancer (GC) is a multifactorial disease, and several modifiable risk factors have been reported. This review summarizes and interprets two previous quantitative systematic reviews evaluating the association between human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and GC risk. The results of two systematic reviews evaluating the same hypothesis showed a statistically significant difference in summary odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals. Thus, it is necessary to conduct a subgroup analysis of Chinese and non-Chinese studies. Additional meta-analyses that control for heterogeneity are required. Reanalysis showed that all the Chinese studies had statistical significance, whereas the non-national studies did not. The funnel plot asymmetry and Egger\'s test confirmed publication bias in the Chinese studies. In addition, the proportion of HPV-positive cases in Chinese studies was 1.43 times higher than that in non-Chinese studies and 2.81 times lower in controls. Therefore, the deduced evidence is currently insufficient to conclude that HPV infection is associated with GC risk.