背景:COVID-19大流行导致全球医疗保健服务受到严重破坏,导致医疗服务适应其标准做法。了解这些适应如何导致患者意外伤害对于减轻未来事件至关重要。事件报告和学习系统数据可用于识别区域以提高患者安全性。需要一个分类系统来理解这些数据,以确定学习和优先事项,以便进一步深入调查。为此创建了患者安全(PISA)分类系统,但目前尚不清楚分类系统是否足以捕捉大流行等危机产生的新安全概念。我们旨在审查PISA分类系统在COVID-19大流行期间的应用,以评估是否需要修改以保持其在大流行背景下的有意义的用途。
方法:我们进行了一项混合方法研究,顺序设计。这包括对第一波大流行期间进行的两项研究的患者安全事件报告的比较二次分析。我们对来自英国的患者报告事件和来自法国的临床医生报告事件进行了编码。研究结果已提交给分类系统和患者安全方面的焦点专家小组,并对所得成绩单进行了专题分析。
结果:我们从数据分析和专家小组讨论中确定了五个关键主题。其中包括利用不同群体对安全问题的独特观点,现有框架确实确定了需要进一步调查的优先领域,研究的目标塑造了数据解释,大流行突出了患者长期以来的担忧,收集数据的时间段提供了有价值的背景来帮助解释。小组的共识是,没有COVID-19特定的代码是必要的,PISA分类系统符合目的。
结论:我们已经仔细研究了在系统医疗保健约束时期对PISA分类系统应用的有意义的使用,COVID-19大流行。尽管有这些限制,我们发现该框架可以成功地应用于事件报告,以实现演绎分析,确定进一步调查的领域,从而支持组织学习。没有新的或修改的代码是必要的。组织和调查人员可以在审查自己的分类系统时使用我们的发现。
The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in major disruption to healthcare delivery worldwide causing medical services to adapt their standard practices. Learning how these adaptations result in unintended patient harm is essential to mitigate against future incidents. Incident reporting and learning system data can be used to identify areas to improve patient safety. A classification system is required to make sense of such data to identify learning and priorities for further in-depth investigation. The Patient Safety (
PISA) classification system was created for this purpose, but it is not known if classification systems are sufficient to capture novel safety concepts arising from crises like the pandemic. We aimed to review the application of the
PISA classification system during the COVID-19 pandemic to appraise whether modifications were required to maintain its meaningful use for the pandemic context.
We conducted a mixed-methods study integrating two phases in an exploratory, sequential design. This included a comparative secondary analysis of patient safety incident
reports from two studies conducted during the first wave of the pandemic, where we coded patient-reported incidents from the UK and clinician-reported incidents from France. The findings were presented to a focus group of experts in classification systems and patient safety, and a thematic analysis was conducted on the resultant transcript.
We identified five key themes derived from the data analysis and expert group discussion. These included capitalising on the unique perspective of safety concerns from different groups, that existing frameworks do identify priority areas to investigate further, the objectives of a study shape the data interpretation, the pandemic spotlighted long-standing patient concerns, and the time period in which data are collected offers valuable context to aid explanation. The group consensus was that no COVID-19-specific codes were warranted, and the PISA classification system was fit for purpose.
We have scrutinised the meaningful use of the
PISA classification system\'s application during a period of systemic healthcare constraint, the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite these constraints, we found the framework can be successfully applied to incident
reports to enable deductive analysis, identify areas for further enquiry and thus support organisational learning. No new or amended codes were warranted. Organisations and investigators can use our findings when reviewing their own classification systems.