核仁是真核细胞的无亚细胞膜结构。1965年,在乌拉圭举行的世界南方夏季峰会上,核仁作为核糖体合成位点的作用,生物发生,和tRNA的加工已确定。今天,越来越多的证据证实了核仁的多种功能,包括tRNA前体加工,细胞应力传感,以及对基因沉默的影响,衰老,寿命,DNA损伤反应(DDR)和细胞周期调控。因此,在各种人类疾病中观察到核仁病。现代的进步提供了有关核仁如何以及为什么被不同的病原生物靶向的基本见解。病毒是破坏细胞核正常功能并产生核仁蛋白以促进引起病毒感染的病毒复制的主要生物体。在这次审查中,我们关注核仁对冠状病毒感染的可能作用,特别是2019年冠状病毒疾病。
The
nucleolus is a subcellular membrane-less structure of eukaryotic cells. In 1965, in a world\'s southern summer summit in Uruguay, the role of the
nucleolus as the site of ribosome synthesis, biogenesis, and processing of tRNA was conclusively established. Today, accumulating evidence confirm the multiple functions of the
nucleolus, including tRNA precursor processing, cell stress sensing, as well as being influential in gene silencing, senescence, lifespan, DNA damage response (DDR), and cell cycle regulation. Therefore, nucleolopathy is observed in various human diseases. Modern advances have provided fundamental insights concerning how and why the
nucleolus is targeted by different pathogenic organisms. Viruses are major organisms that disrupt the normal function of the nucleus and produce nucleoli proteins for facilitating the replication of viruses causing viral infections. In this
review, we focus on the possible role of nucleoli upon coronavirus infections, particularly in coronavirus disease 2019.