目的:使用电刺激来评估肌肉的自愿激活是许多运动科学和健康研究环境中采用的一种流行方法。这项Delphi研究旨在整理专家意见,并为在最大自愿收缩期间使用电刺激时的最佳实践提供建议。
方法:对30名专家进行了两轮Delphi研究,他们完成了包含开放式和封闭式问题的62项问卷(第1轮)。如果≥70%的专家选择了相同的答复,则假定达成共识;这些问题从随后的第二轮调查问卷中删除。如果他们未能达到15%的阈值,则响应也被移除。对开放式问题进行了分析,并将其转换为第二轮封闭式问题。假设如果问题在第2轮中未能达到≥70%的回答,则没有明确的共识。
结果:在62个项目中,共有16个(25.8%)达成共识。专家一致认为,电刺激可以在特定情况下对自愿激活进行有效评估,例如在最大收缩期间,这种刺激可以施加在肌肉或神经上。专家建议使用双峰刺激,自粘电极,熟悉的会议,在收缩过程中的实时视觉或口头反馈,+20%的最小电流增加,以确保超最大的刺激,手动触发刺激。
结论:这项Delphi共识研究的结果可以帮助研究人员在设计涉及电刺激以评估自愿激活的研究时考虑技术参数时做出明智的决定。
OBJECTIVE: The use of electrical stimulation to assess voluntary activation of muscle/s is a popular method employed in numerous exercise science and health research settings. This Delphi study aimed to collate expert opinion and provide recommendations for best practice when using electrical stimulation during maximal voluntary contractions.
METHODS: A two-round Delphi study was undertaken with 30 experts who completed a 62-item questionnaire (Round 1) comprising of open- and closed-ended questions.
Consensus was assumed if ≥ 70% of experts selected the same response; such questions were removed from the subsequent Round 2 questionnaire. Responses were also removed if they failed to meet a 15% threshold. Open-ended questions were analysed and converted into closed-ended questions for Round 2. It was assumed there was no clear
consensus if a question failed to achieve a ≥ 70% response in Round 2.
RESULTS: A total of 16 out of 62 (25.8%) items reached
consensus. Experts agreed that electrical stimulation provides a valid assessment of voluntary activation in specific circumstances, such as during maximal contraction, and this stimulation can be applied at either the muscle or the
nerve. Experts recommended using doublet stimuli, self-adhesive electrodes, a familiarisation session, real-time visual or verbal feedback during the contraction, a minimum current increase of + 20% to ensure supramaximal stimulation, and manually triggering stimuli.
CONCLUSIONS: The results of this Delphi
consensus study can help researchers make informed decisions when considering technical parameters when designing studies involving electrical stimulation for the assessment of voluntary activation.