未经证实:西班牙裔人皮肤癌发病率正在增加,结果比非西班牙裔白人更糟糕。结合MC1R基因检测的精确预防,皮肤癌易感标记,可以改善预防行为。
未经评估:来自坦帕的西班牙裔参与者(n=920),FL和庞塞,PR,在MC1R较高和平均风险组中进行分组随机分组,以进行精确预防或通用预防。我们收集了人口统计学的基线信息,癌症家族史,表型特征,健康素养,健康算术,和心理社会措施。参与者报告了工作日和周末的阳光照射(以小时为单位),晒伤的次数,五种防晒行为的频率,有意在室外和室内晒黑,和基线时的皮肤检查,三个月,还有九个月.参与者还报告了他们最大的孩子≤10岁的这些结果。
未经评估:在MC1R高风险参与者中,精确预防增加了防晒霜的使用(OR=1.74,p=0.03)和接受临床皮肤检查(OR=6.51,p=0.0006);它减少了工作日的日晒时间(β=-0.94,p=0.005),并改善了其子女的防晒行为(β=0.93,p=0.02)。在MC1R平均风险参与者中没有显著的干预效果。干预并没有提高参与者对癌症的担忧。我们还在平均和高风险参与者中确定了干预效果的调节因素。
UNASSIGNED:接收MC1R精准预防材料改善了高风险参与者及其子女的一些皮肤癌预防行为,并没有导致平均风险参与者的预防活动减少。尽管有这些令人鼓舞的发现,参与者的防晒行为水平仍然不理想,保证更多针对西班牙裔的意识和预防运动。
Skin cancer incidence is increasing among Hispanics, who experience worse outcomes than non-Hispanic Whites. Precision prevention incorporating genetic testing for
MC1R, a skin cancer susceptibility marker, may improve prevention behavior.
Hispanic participants (n=920) from Tampa, FL and Ponce, PR, were block-randomized within
MC1R higher- and average-risk groups to precision prevention or generic prevention arms. We collected baseline information on demographics, family history of cancer, phenotypic characteristics, health literacy, health numeracy, and psychosocial measures. Participants reported weekday and weekend sun exposure (in hours), number of sunburns, frequency of five sun protection behaviors, intentional outdoor and indoor tanning, and skin examinations at baseline, three months, and nine months. Participants also reported these outcomes for their eldest child ≤10 years old.
Among
MC1R higher-risk participants, precision prevention increased sunscreen use (OR=1.74, p=0.03) and receipt of a clinical skin exam (OR=6.51, p=0.0006); and it decreased weekday sun exposure hours (β=-0.94, p=0.005) and improved sun protection behaviors (β=0.93, p=0.02) in their children. There were no significant intervention effects among
MC1R average risk participants. The intervention did not elevate participant cancer worry. We also identified moderators of the intervention effect among both average- and higher-risk participants.
Receipt of
MC1R precision prevention materials improved some skin cancer prevention behaviors among higher-risk participants and their children and did not result in reduced prevention activities among average-risk participants. Despite these encouraging findings, levels of sun protection behaviors remained suboptimal among participants, warranting more awareness and prevention campaigns targeted to Hispanics.