背景:当不良社会条件所传达的不利条件决定了一个人的生命和生计受到健康中特定和可识别事件的威胁的程度时,就会出现社会脆弱性,自然,或社会。估计社会脆弱性的一种常见方法是通过汇总社会因素的指数。此范围审查广泛旨在绘制有关社会脆弱性指数的文献。我们的主要目标是表征社会脆弱性指数,了解社会脆弱性指数的构成,并描述这些指数是如何在文献中使用的。
方法:在六个电子数据库中进行了范围审查,以确定原始研究,以英文出版,法语,荷兰人,西班牙语或葡萄牙语,并解决了社会脆弱性指数(SVI)的开发或使用。标题,摘要,并对全文进行筛选和资格评估.提取指标数据,并使用简单的描述性统计和计数来产生叙述性摘要。
结果:总计,纳入292项研究,其中126项研究来自环境,气候变化或灾害规划研究领域,156项研究来自健康或医学领域。每个指数的平均项目数为19(SD10.5),最常见的数据来源来自人口普查。这些指数的组成中有122个不同的项目,分为29个领域。SVIs中包含的前三个域是:处于风险人群(例如,%老年人,子女或家属),教育,和社会经济地位。在47.9%的研究中,SVIs用于预测结果,Covid-19感染率或死亡率是最常见的结果。
结论:我们提供了截至2021年12月的文献中SVI的概述,为社会脆弱性指数的常用变量提供了新颖的总结。我们还证明了SVIs通常用于几个研究领域,尤其是2010年以来。无论是在灾害规划领域,环境科学或健康科学,SVI由类似的项目和域组成。SVIs可用于预测不同的结果,对未来作为跨学科合作工具的使用具有重要意义。
Social vulnerability occurs when the disadvantage conveyed by poor social conditions determines the degree to which one\'s life and livelihood are at risk from a particular and identifiable event in health, nature, or society. A common way to estimate social vulnerability is through an index aggregating social factors. This scoping
review broadly aimed to map the literature on social vulnerability
indices. Our main objectives were to characterize social vulnerability
indices, understand the composition of social vulnerability
indices, and describe how these
indices are utilized in the literature.
A scoping
review was conducted in six electronic databases to identify original research, published in English, French, Dutch, Spanish or Portuguese, and which addressed the development or use of a social vulnerability index (SVI). Titles, abstracts, and full texts were screened and assessed for eligibility. Data were extracted on the indices and simple descriptive statistics and counts were used to produce a narrative summary.
In total, 292 studies were included, of which 126 studies came from environmental, climate change or disaster planning fields of study and 156 studies were from the fields of health or medicine. The mean number of items per index was 19 (SD 10.5) and the most common source of data was from censuses. There were 122 distinct items in the composition of these
indices, categorized into 29 domains. The top three domains included in the SVIs were: at risk populations (e.g., % older adults, children or dependents), education, and socioeconomic status. SVIs were used to predict outcomes in 47.9% of studies, and rate of Covid-19 infection or mortality was the most common outcome measured.
We provide an overview of SVIs in the literature up to December 2021, providing a novel summary of commonly used variables for social vulnerability indices. We also demonstrate that SVIs are commonly used in several fields of research, especially since 2010. Whether in the field of disaster planning, environmental science or health sciences, the SVIs are composed of similar items and domains. SVIs can be used to predict diverse outcomes, with implications for future use as tools in interdisciplinary collaborations.