■由于人口老龄化,感觉障碍和认知障碍的范围正在增加。
■为了调查听力障碍之间的关联,视力障碍,老年人的双重感觉障碍和认知障碍。
■对具有全国代表性的美国社区调查的十个连续波(2008-2017年)的组合进行二次分析。样本包括540万65岁及以上的社区住宅和机构老年人。进行了双变量和逻辑回归模型来检查相关性听力损害,视力障碍,和双重感觉障碍与认知障碍。
■在控制了年龄之后,种族,教育,和收入,只有听力障碍的老年人有超过两倍的认知障碍的几率(OR=2.66,95%CI=2.64,2.68),而仅有视力障碍的老年人患认知障碍的几率超过三倍(OR=3.63;95%CI=3.59,3.67).对于患有双重感觉障碍的老年人,认知障碍的几率是8倍(OR=8.16;95%CI=8.07,8.25).类似的趋势在每个性别和年龄组中都很明显。
■听力和视力障碍均与认知障碍独立相关。然而,双重感觉障碍与认知障碍的几率相当高,即使在控制了社会人口统计学特征之后。与老年人一起工作的从业者可能会考虑同时治疗感觉障碍和认知障碍。需要未来的研究来确定这种关联是否是因果关系,并探讨感觉障碍常用治疗方法对降低认知障碍患病率的有效性。
UNASSIGNED: Sensory impairments and cognitive impairment are increasing in scope due to the aging population.
UNASSIGNED: To investigate the association between hearing impairment, vision impairment, and dual sensory impairment with cognitive impairment among older adults.
UNASSIGNED: Secondary analysis of a combination of ten consecutive waves (2008-2017) of the nationally representative American Community Survey. The sample included 5.4 million community-dwelling and institutionalized older adults aged 65 and older. Bivariate and logistic regression models were conducted to examine the association hearing impairment, vision impairment, and dual sensory impairment with cognitive impairment.
UNASSIGNED: After controlling for age, race, education, and income, older adults with only hearing impairment had more than double the odds of cognitive impairment (OR = 2.66, 95% CI = 2.64, 2.68), while older adults with only vision impairment had more than triple the odds of cognitive impairment (OR = 3.63; 95% CI = 3.59, 3.67). For older adults with dual sensory impairment, the odds of cognitive impairment were eight-fold (OR = 8.16; 95% CI = 8.07, 8.25). Similar trends were apparent in each sex and age cohort.
UNASSIGNED: Hearing and vision impairment are both independently associated with cognitive impairment. However, dual sensory impairment is associated with substantially higher odds of cognitive impairment, even after controlling for sociodemographic characteristics. Practitioners working with older adults may consider treatment for sensory impairments and cognitive impairment concurrently. Future research is needed to determine if the association is causal, and to investigate the effectiveness of common methods of treatment for sensory impairment for reducing the prevalence of cognitive impairment.