PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Sensory impairment in older adults is associated with cognitive decline, elevated depressive symptoms, and low levels of life satisfaction. However, these relationships are usually investigated separately and in pairs. This study examined these relationships comprehensively, for the first time.
METHODS: The analysis included 5,658 community-dwelling older adults from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (aged 50 to 108 years, 52.1% male) who completed the Jorm Informant Questionnaire Cognitive Decline in the Elderly and the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression-short form. A questionnaire was used to collect information on hearing, visual status, and life satisfaction. Structural equation modelling was used to examine the direct and indirect relationships between these variables.
RESULTS: Self-reported hearing and vision problems are directly associated with cognitive decline and elevated depressive symptoms. In addition, hearing and vision problems are indirectly related to cognitive decline through elevated depressive symptoms. Although hearing and vision problems had no direct effect on life satisfaction, they were indirectly associated with life satisfaction through cognitive decline and depressive symptoms.
CONCLUSIONS: This study provides the first epidemiological evidence of the comprehensive relationships between hearing and vision problems, cognitive decline, depressive symptoms, and life satisfaction. When older adults report hearing and/or vision problems, clinicians and caregivers should be aware of the concurrence of declined cognition, elevated depressive symptoms, and compensated life satisfaction. Future studies should examine the causal relationships and potential mechanisms of these relationships.
METHODS: The analysis included 5,658 community-dwelling older adults from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (aged 50 to 108 years, 52.1% male) who completed the Jorm Informant Questionnaire Cognitive Decline in the Elderly and the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression-short form. A questionnaire was used to collect information on hearing, visual status, and life satisfaction. Structural equation modelling was used to examine the direct and indirect relationships between these variables.
RESULTS: Self-reported hearing and vision problems are directly associated with cognitive decline and elevated depressive symptoms. In addition, hearing and vision problems are indirectly related to cognitive decline through elevated depressive symptoms. Although hearing and vision problems had no direct effect on life satisfaction, they were indirectly associated with life satisfaction through cognitive decline and depressive symptoms.
CONCLUSIONS: This study provides the first epidemiological evidence of the comprehensive relationships between hearing and vision problems, cognitive decline, depressive symptoms, and life satisfaction. When older adults report hearing and/or vision problems, clinicians and caregivers should be aware of the concurrence of declined cognition, elevated depressive symptoms, and compensated life satisfaction. Future studies should examine the causal relationships and potential mechanisms of these relationships.
摘要：
背景：老年人的感觉障碍与认知功能下降有关，抑郁症状升高，和低水平的生活满意度。然而,这些关系通常是分开和成对的。这项研究全面检查了这些关系，第一次。
方法：分析包括来自中国健康与退休纵向研究的5,658名社区居住的老年人（年龄在50至108岁之间，52.1％的男性）完成了Jorm线人问卷的老年人认知下降和流行病学研究中心-抑郁症-简表。问卷被用来收集听力信息，视觉状态,和生活满意度。结构方程模型用于检查这些变量之间的直接和间接关系。
结果：自我报告的听力和视力问题与认知能力下降和抑郁症状升高直接相关。此外,听力和视力问题通过升高的抑郁症状与认知能力下降间接相关。尽管听力和视力问题对生活满意度没有直接影响，它们通过认知功能下降和抑郁症状与生活满意度间接相关.
结论：这项研究为听力和视力问题之间的全面关系提供了第一个流行病学证据。认知能力下降,抑郁症状,和生活满意度。当老年人报告听力和/或视力问题时，临床医生和护理人员应该意识到认知下降的并发，抑郁症状升高，并补偿生活满意度。未来的研究应该检查因果关系和这些关系的潜在机制。
方法：分析包括来自中国健康与退休纵向研究的5,658名社区居住的老年人（年龄在50至108岁之间，52.1％的男性）完成了Jorm线人问卷的老年人认知下降和流行病学研究中心-抑郁症-简表。问卷被用来收集听力信息，视觉状态,和生活满意度。结构方程模型用于检查这些变量之间的直接和间接关系。
结果：自我报告的听力和视力问题与认知能力下降和抑郁症状升高直接相关。此外,听力和视力问题通过升高的抑郁症状与认知能力下降间接相关。尽管听力和视力问题对生活满意度没有直接影响，它们通过认知功能下降和抑郁症状与生活满意度间接相关.
结论：这项研究为听力和视力问题之间的全面关系提供了第一个流行病学证据。认知能力下降,抑郁症状,和生活满意度。当老年人报告听力和/或视力问题时，临床医生和护理人员应该意识到认知下降的并发，抑郁症状升高，并补偿生活满意度。未来的研究应该检查因果关系和这些关系的潜在机制。
