目的:甲状腺眼病(TED)是Graves病(GD)最主要的甲状腺外表现。目前,现有的治疗方法并不能完全防止TED的长期后果,并且有明显的缺点。因此,本系统综述探讨了关于他汀类药物预防和治疗TED疗效的现有证据.
方法:调查GD或TED患者使用他汀类药物的相关研究通过搜索Medline(Pubmed和Ovid)来确定,Scopus,WebofScience,ProQuest,和Cochrane图书馆数据库(从数据库开始到2023年9月)。审查是根据PRISMA声明进行的。网络搜索由两名调查人员独立完成。两名研究人员独立提取数据,任何分歧都是以协商一致的方式裁决的。基于研究设计,本研究使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表(NOS)和Cochrane偏倚风险工具(RoB2)第2版进行质量评估.
结果:文献检索确定了145种出版物,其中4项符合纳入标准(3项回顾性队列研究和1项随机临床试验),并进行了全文综述.两项回顾性队列研究证明了他汀类药物对新诊断的GDStein等人的TED的有益作用。显示他汀类药物,无论类型,防止或延迟TED(HR:0.74(0.65-0.84)),尤其是男性或治疗持续时间超过一年。尼尔森等人。令人着迷的是,前一年至少使用60天的他汀类药物可以将TED发展的风险降低约40%。在高胆固醇血症患者中,一项RCT显示对活动性中度至重度TED的治疗反应较高,该患者除ivGC外还服用阿托伐他汀20mg,持续24周,而严重副作用没有任何增加。回顾性研究表明,接受他汀类药物治疗的重度TED患者对重建手术的需求减少。
结论:他汀类药物治疗可能是预防和治疗TED的潜在辅助方式。
背景:PROSPERO注册号:CRD42022315522。
OBJECTIVE: Thyroid eye disease (TED) is the foremost extrathyroidal manifestation of Graves\' disease (GD). Currently, available treatments do not entirely prevent the long-term consequences of TED and have distinct disadvantages. Therefore, this systematic
review explored available evidence regarding the efficacy of statins in preventing and treating TED.
METHODS: Relevant studies investigating statin usage in patients with GD or TED were identified by searching Medline (Pubmed and Ovid), Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest, and Cochrane Library databases (from the database inception to September 2023). The
review was done according to the PRISMA statement. Web searching was done independently by two investigators. Two researchers independently extracted the data, and any disagreement was adjudicated by consensus. Based on the study design, the studies\' quality appraisal was done using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) and Version 2 of the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool (RoB2).
RESULTS: The literature search identified 145 publications, of which four met the inclusion criteria (Three retrospective cohort studies and one randomized clinical trial) and were reviewed in full text. The two retrospective cohort studies demonstrated the beneficial effects of statins on TED in newly diagnosed GD Stein et al. showed that statins, regardless of the type, prevent or delay TED (HR: 0.74 (0.65-0.84)), especially in men or treatment duration of more than one year. Nilsson et al. fascinatingly revealed that at least 60 days of statin usage in the preceding year could decrease the risk of TED development by around 40%. One RCT showed a higher treatment response for active moderate-to-severe TED in patients with hypercholesterolemia who took atorvastatin 20 mg in addition to ivGC for 24 weeks without any increase in serious side effects. The retrospective study revealed that the need for reconstructive surgery was reduced in patients with severe TED who received statin therapy.
CONCLUSIONS: Statin therapy could be a potential adjunctive modality for preventing and treating TED.
BACKGROUND: PROSPERO registration number: CRD42022315522.