背景:人参已在亚洲国家普遍用于促进长寿和健康已有2000多年的历史。最近的体外和体内研究,加上有限的流行病学研究,有人认为,经常食用人参可能与降低癌症风险有关。
目的:我们在中国女性中进行的一项大型队列研究中,评估了人参消费与总癌症和15种特定部位癌症风险的关系。鉴于以前关于人参消费和癌症风险的文献,我们假设食用人参可能与不同的癌症风险有关.
方法:本研究包括上海妇女健康研究(SWHS)的65,732名女性参与者(平均年龄:52.2岁),正在进行的前瞻性队列研究。基线登记发生在1997-2000年之间,随访于2016年12月31日结束。人参使用和协变量通过在基线招募时进行的面对面访谈进行评估。追踪该队列的癌症发病率。在校正混杂因素后,使用Cox比例风险模型来估计人参-癌症关联的风险比(HR)和95%置信区间(CI)。
结果:在平均14.7年的随访中,确定了5,067例癌症事件。总的来说,经常使用人参大多与任何特定部位癌症的风险无关,或所有癌症合并。发现短期(<3年)人参使用与肝癌风险增加显着相关(HR=1.71;95%CI:1.04,2.79,P=0.035),而长期(≥3年)人参使用与甲状腺癌风险增加相关(HR=1.40;95%CI:1.02,1.91,P=0.036)。发现长期使用人参与淋巴和造血组织恶性肿瘤(HR=0.67;95%CI:0.46,0.98,P=0.039)和非霍奇金淋巴瘤(HR=0.57;95%CI:0.34,0.97,P=0.039)的风险降低显著相关。
结论:这项研究提供了暗示证据,表明食用人参可能与某些癌症的风险有关。
Ginseng has been commonly used in Asian countries to promote longevity and health for >2000 years. Recent in vitro and in vivo studies, coupled with limited epidemiologic studies, have suggested that regular ginseng consumption may be related to lower cancer risk.
We evaluated the association of ginseng consumption with risk of total and 15 site-specific cancers in a large cohort
study conducted among Chinese women. Given the previous literature on
ginseng consumption and cancer risk, we hypothesized that
ginseng consumption might be associated with varying risks of cancer.
This
study included 65,732 female participants (mean age: 52.2 years) of the Shanghai Women\'s Health
Study, an ongoing prospective cohort
study. Baseline enrollment occurred between 1997 and 2000, and follow-up concluded on 31 December 2016. Ginseng use and covariates were assessed via an in-person interview conducted at the baseline recruitment. The cohort was followed for cancer incidence. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate HRs and 95% CIs for ginseng-cancer associations after adjusting for confounders.
During a mean 14.7 years of follow-up, 5067 incident cancer cases were identified. Overall, regular ginseng use was mostly not associated with risk of any site-specific cancer, or all cancers combined. Short-term (<3 years) ginseng use was found to be significantly associated with increased risk of liver cancer (HR = 1.71; 95% CI: 1.04, 2.79; P = 0.035), whereas long-term (≥3 years) ginseng use was found to be associated with increased risk of thyroid cancer (HR = 1.40; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.91; P = 0.036). Long-term ginseng use was found to be significantly associated with decreased risk of lymphatic and hematopoietic tissue malignancy (HR = 0.67; 95% CI: 0.46, 0.98; P = 0.039) and non-Hodgkin\'s lymphoma (HR = 0.57; 95% CI: 0.34, 0.97; P = 0.039).
This
study provides suggestive evidence that
ginseng consumption may be associated with risk of certain cancers.