目的:本研究旨在比较两个意大利案例研究与学童的盘子垃圾及其影响。在营养损失方面,经济成本和碳足迹。
方法:通过聚合选择性加权法收集盘子垃圾,持续39天。
方法:四所小学一年级至五年级的儿童,每个案例研究中有两个(帕尔马和卢卡),参与其中。
结果:关于上菜,在帕尔马,平板废物百分比低于卢卡(P<0·001)。水果和配菜非常浪费,大部分在卢卡(>50%)。午餐的能量损失占26%(帕尔马)和36%(卢卡)。在营养素中,膳食纤维,叶酸和维生素C,Ca和K最多损失(26-45%)。总的来说,在调整板废料数据后,大多数午餐菜单低于国家对能源的建议(50%,帕尔马;79%,卢卡)和营养素,特别是脂肪(85%,帕尔马;89%,卢卡)。盘子废物占餐饮服务提供的食物的碳足迹的19%(帕尔马)和28%(卢卡),淀粉食物是最重要的贡献者(52%,帕尔马;47%,卢卡)。总的来说,板废物的平均成本为1·8欧元/公斤(帕尔马)和2·7欧元/公斤(卢卡),分别占餐点全价的4%和10%。
结论:需要重新规划学校膳食服务组织和优先事项,以减少当前系统的低效率,减少食物浪费及其负面影响。
OBJECTIVE: This study aims at comparing two Italian
case studies in relation to schoolchildren\'s plate waste and its implications, in terms of nutritional loss, economic cost and carbon footprint.
METHODS: Plate waste was collected through an aggregate selective weighting method for 39 d.
METHODS: Children from the first to the fifth grade from four primary schools, two in each
case study (Parma and Lucca), were involved.
RESULTS: With respect to the served food, in Parma, the plate waste percentage was lower than in Lucca (P < 0·001). Fruit and side dishes were highly wasted, mostly in Lucca (>50 %). The energy loss of the lunch meals accounted for 26 % (Parma) and 36 % (Lucca). Among nutrients, dietary fibre, folate and vitamin C, Ca and K were lost at most (26-45 %). Overall, after adjusting for plate waste data, most of the lunch menus fell below the national recommendations for energy (50 %, Parma; 79 %, Lucca) and nutrients, particularly for fat (85 %, Parma; 89 %, Lucca). Plate waste was responsible for 19 % (Parma) and 28 % (Lucca) of the carbon footprint associated with the food supplied by the catering service, with starchy food being the most important contributor (52 %, Parma; 47 %, Lucca). Overall, the average cost of plate waste was 1·8 €/kg (Parma) and 2·7 €/kg (Lucca), accounting respectively for 4 % and 10 % of the meal full price.
CONCLUSIONS: A re-planning of the school meals service organisation and priorities is needed to decrease the inefficiency of the current system and reduce food waste and its negative consequences.