新兴污染物(EP)对人类构成重大风险,生态和环境健康。尽管在建立环境矩阵监测方面取得了进展,对健康的影响,立法和控制,仍然存在与区域偏见和通常评估的EP类型相关的问题,这可能会低估健康风险。在拉丁美洲,关于EP的环境监测的报告有限,并且通常侧重于废水。这篇综述指出了当前拉丁美洲地区新兴污染物的研究不足,我们解决了壬基酚作为该地区研究不足的EP的情况。壬基酚是壬基酚乙氧基化物的降解产物,这是一种在拉丁美洲广泛用于制造洗涤剂的表面活性剂,已经报道了环境浓度,主要在水中,并描述了对该地区物种的可能影响。在该区域审查这种化合物的重要性在于,《鹿特丹公约》已将壬基酚列为严格限制的化合物,因此,有必要制定措施来限制和改变可持续技术。最后,这篇综述中提出的NP例子突出了拉丁美洲缺乏关于EP的监管,导致废水的污染,流出物,河流和饮用水必须确定潜在的影响,的发生和浓度水平,及时提高对这些污染物的监管。
Emerging contaminants (EPs) represent a significant risk to human, ecological and environmental health. Although progress has been made in establishing monitoring in environmental matrices, health effects, legislation and control, there are still problems associated with regional bias and the types of EPs commonly assessed, which may underestimate the risk to health. In Latin America there are limited
reports on environmental monitoring of EPs and it is generally focused on wastewater. This review identifies the current research deficiencies for emerging contaminants in the Latin American region, and we address the
case of nonylphenol as an under-studied EP in the region. Nonylphenol is a degradation product of nonylphenol ethoxylate, which is a surfactant widely used in the manufacture of detergents in Latin America, environmental concentrations have been reported, predominantly in water, and the possible effects on species in this region have been also described. The importance of the review of this compound in the region lies in the fact that the Rotterdam Convention has catalogued nonylphenol as a severely restricted compound, so it is necessary to establish measures for its restriction and change to a sustainable technology. Finally, the example of NP presented in this review highlights the lack of regulation in Latin America regarding to EPs, resulting in the contamination of wastewater, effluents, rivers and drinking water. It is imperative to determine the potential effects, occurrence and concentration levels to improve the regulation of these pollutants in a timely manner.