环境污染物的去除对于可持续的生态系统和人类健康至关重要。希瓦纳(S.oneidensis)具有多种电子转移途径,可以使用多种污染物作为电子受体或电子供体。本文综述了紫草在去除环境污染物方面的作用,包括重金属,无机非金属离子(INMIs),和有毒的有机污染物。S.oneidensis可以矿化邻二甲苯(OX),菲(PHE),和吡啶(Py)作为电子供体,还减少偶氮染料,硝基芳香族化合物(NACs),重金属,和碘酸盐通过胞外电子转移(EET)。对于偶氮染料,NAC,Cr(VI),亚硝酸盐,硝酸盐,硫代硫酸盐,和亚硫酸盐可以穿过膜,S.oneidensis将电子转移到胞内还原酶以催化它们的还原。然而,大多数有机污染物不能直接降解。但是S.oneidensis可以通过自合成催化剂或光催化剂来去除这些污染物,构建生物光催化系统,驱动芬顿的反应,形成微生物聚生体,和基因工程。然而,S.oneidensis的工业规模应用不足。未来对S.oneidensis的代谢和与其他材料的界面反应的研究需要深化,应开发可用于实际工程应用的大型反应堆。
The removal of environmental pollutants is important for a sustainable ecosystem and human health. Shewanella oneidensis (S. oneidensis) has diverse electron transfer pathways and can use a variety of contaminants as electron acceptors or electron donors. This paper reviews S. oneidensis\'s function in removing environmental pollutants, including heavy metals, inorganic non-metallic ions (INMIs), and toxic organic pollutants. S. oneidensis can mineralize o-xylene (OX), phenanthrene (PHE), and pyridine (Py) as electron donors, and also reduce azo dyes, nitro aromatic compounds (NACs), heavy metals, and iodate by extracellular electron transfer (EET). For azo dyes, NACs, Cr(VI), nitrite, nitrate, thiosulfate, and sulfite that can cross the membrane, S. oneidensis transfers electrons to intracellular reductases to catalyze their reduction. However, most organic pollutants cannot be directly degraded by S. oneidensis, but S. oneidensis can remove these pollutants by self-synthesizing catalysts or photocatalysts, constructing bio-photocatalytic systems, driving Fenton reactions, forming microbial consortia, and genetic engineering. However, the industrial-scale application of S. oneidensis is insufficient. Future research on the metabolism of S. oneidensis and interfacial reactions with other materials needs to be deepened, and large-scale reactors should be developed that can be used for practical engineering applications.