背景:身体活动(PA)在医疗保健中起着至关重要的作用,为许多非传染性疾病的预防和管理提供益处。可穿戴活动跟踪器(WATs)提供了在各种医疗保健环境中监视和推广PA的机会。
目的:本研究旨在开发基于共识的框架,以在医疗保健中最佳使用WATs。
方法:进行了4轮德尔菲调查,涉及一个由医疗保健专业人员组成的小组(n=58),卫生服务经理,和研究人员。第一轮使用开放式回答问题来确定总体主题。第2轮和第3轮使用9点Likert量表来完善参与者的意见,并就与WAT在医疗保健中的使用相关的关键因素达成共识,包括指标,器件特性,临床人群和环境,和软件方面的考虑。第3轮还探讨了临床环境中使用WAT的障碍和缓解策略。第1-3轮的见解为清单草案提供了信息,该清单旨在指导在医疗保健中采用WAT的系统方法。在第四轮中,参与者评估了清单草案的清晰度,实用程序,和适当性。
结果:第1至第4轮的参与率为76%(n=44),74%(n=43),74%(n=43),66%(n=38),分别。该研究发现在不同的临床人群和环境中使用WATs的浓厚兴趣。关键指标(步数,PA分钟,和久坐时间),设备特性(例如,容易充电,舒适,防水,简单的数据访问,并且易于导航和解释数据),和软件特性(例如,远程和无线数据访问,访问多个患者\'数据)。强调了采用WAT的各种障碍,包括与设备相关的,患者相关,临床医生相关,以及系统层面的问题。调查结果最终形成了一份12项清单草案,用于在医疗保健中使用WATs,所有12个项目都认可了它们的效用,清晰度,以及第四轮的适当性。
结论:这项研究强调了WATs在广泛的医疗保健环境中增强患者护理的潜力。虽然WATs的好处是显而易见的,成功的集成需要解决几个挑战,从技术发展到患者教育和临床医生培训。WAT制造商之间的合作,研究人员,和医疗保健专业人员将是在医疗保健部门实施WATs的关键。
BACKGROUND: Physical activity (PA) plays a crucial role in health care, providing benefits in the prevention and management of many noncommunicable diseases. Wearable activity trackers (WATs) provide an opportunity to monitor and promote PA in various health care settings.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to develop a
consensus-based framework for the optimal use of WATs in health care.
METHODS: A 4-round Delphi survey was conducted, involving a panel (n=58) of health care professionals, health service managers, and researchers. Round 1 used open-response questions to identify overarching themes. Rounds 2 and 3 used 9-point Likert scales to refine participants\' opinions and establish
consensus on key factors related to WAT use in health care, including metrics, device characteristics, clinical populations and settings, and software considerations. Round 3 also explored barriers and mitigating strategies to WAT use in clinical settings. Insights from Rounds 1-3 informed a draft checklist designed to guide a systematic approach to WAT adoption in health care. In Round 4, participants evaluated the draft checklist\'s clarity, utility, and appropriateness.
RESULTS: Participation rates for rounds 1 to 4 were 76% (n=44), 74% (n=43), 74% (n=43), and 66% (n=38), respectively. The study found a strong interest in using WATs across diverse clinical populations and settings. Key metrics (step count, minutes of PA, and sedentary time), device characteristics (eg, easy to charge, comfortable, waterproof, simple data access, and easy to navigate and interpret data), and software characteristics (eg, remote and wireless data access, access to multiple patients\' data) were identified. Various barriers to WAT adoption were highlighted, including device-related, patient-related, clinician-related, and system-level issues. The findings culminated in a 12-item draft checklist for using WATs in health care, with all 12 items endorsed for their utility, clarity, and appropriateness in Round 4.
CONCLUSIONS: This study underscores the potential of WATs in enhancing patient care across a broad spectrum of health care settings. While the benefits of WATs are evident, successful integration requires addressing several challenges, from technological developments to patient education and clinician training. Collaboration between WAT manufacturers, researchers, and health care professionals will be pivotal for implementing WATs in the health care sector.