背景:缺乏对重度抑郁障碍(MDD)的抗抑郁剂无反应的长期研究。
目的:提供基于人群的全国性系统登记数据,比较6类抗抑郁药和17种不同抗抑郁药在MDD患者中的2年无反应。
方法:该研究纳入了丹麦的所有106,920名患者,这些患者在精神病医院住院或门诊接触,随后在1995年至2018年期间购买了抗抑郁药。在2年的研究期内对第一种抗抑郁药无反应被定义为转换或添加另一种抗抑郁药,抗精神病药物,锂,或住院治疗。分析模拟了根据年龄标准化的人群的靶向试验,性别,社会经济地位,与精神和身体疾病合并症。
结果:与舍曲林相比,西酞普兰(RR:1.00[95%CI:0.98-1.02])和氟西汀(1.13[95%CI:1.10-1.17])没有差异,帕罗西汀(1.06[95%CI:1.01-1.10])和艾司西酞普兰(1.22[95%CI:1.18-1.25])与较高的无反应风险比相关.在选择性去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂中,舍曲林优于瑞波西汀;在5-羟色胺-去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂内,文拉法辛优于度洛西汀;在去甲肾上腺素能和特定的5-羟色胺能抗抑郁药中,米氮平的表现优于米安色林和其他抗抑郁药,舍曲林优于阿戈美拉汀和沃替西汀。在三环抗抑郁药中,与阿米替林相比,nortriptyline,dosulepin,氯米帕明无反应,而丙咪嗪没有差异。
结论:这些模拟“现实世界”观察登记数据的随机试验的分析显示,在6种不同的药物类别中,对某些抗抑郁药的2年长期无反应增加。
Long-term studies comparing nonresponse to antidepressants for major depressive disorder (MDD) are lacking.
To present systematic population-based nation-wide register data on comparative 2-year non-response within six antidepressant drug classes and 17 different antidepressants in patients with MDD.
The
study included all 106,920 patients in Denmark with a first main index diagnosis of MDD at a psychiatric hospital inpatient or outpatient contact and who subsequently had a purchase of an antidepressant in the period from 1995 to 2018. Non-response to first antidepressant within a 2-year
study period was defined as switch to or add-on of another antidepressant, antipsychotic medication, lithium, or hospitalization. Analyses emulated a targeted
trial in populations standardized according to age, sex, socioeconomic status, and comorbidity with psychiatric and physical disorders.
Compared with sertraline, there was no difference for citalopram (RR: 1.00 [95% CI: 0.98-1.02]) but fluoxetine (1.13 [95% CI: 1.10-1.17]), paroxetine (1.06 [95% CI: 1.01-1.10]) and escitalopram (1.22 [95% CI: 1.18-1.25]) were associated with higher risk ratio of non-responses. Within selective noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors, sertraline outperformed reboxetine; within serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, venlafaxine outperformed duloxetine; within noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressants, mirtazapine outperformed mianserin and within the class of other antidepressants, sertraline outperformed agomelatine and vortioxetine. Within tricyclic antidepressants, compared to amitriptyline, nortriptyline, dosulepin, and clomipramine had higher non-response, whereas there was no difference for imipramine.
These analyses emulating a randomized
trial of \"real world\" observational register-based data show that 2-year long-term non-responses to some antidepressants within six different drug classes are increased over others.