最近在医学院发表的有关解剖解剖的故事表明,有必要更多地关注解剖教育的道德和政策方面。虽然到目前为止,对这些问题的大部分关注都集中在解剖前后的程序上,从医学生的角度来看,在解剖过程中,有重要的考虑因素。该建议是由两名三年级医学生通过对相关已发表文献的回顾而提出的,反思他们在两个独立机构的解剖学课程中的个人经历,并与同行非正式讨论这些主题。建议是,应建立基本的道德准则,并由负责审查这些准则的独立委员会进行监督。建议的指导方针包括:第一,对学生在解剖学知识和解剖技术方面的预期学习有一套明确的期望;第二,学校或国家机构在尊重捐赠机构的行为方面制定最低道德标准,并将这些标准传达给参与教育解剖的教师和学生;第三,使用鼓励学生尊重他们的捐赠者并确保他们得到适当待遇的材料;第四,建立一个由学生组成的监督小组(在每个医学院和国家一级),教员,社区成员,和工作人员,他们将定期审查解剖学教育计划,并酌情更新这些道德准则。虽然许多这些建议已经在一些解剖学部门实施,在国家和学校层面建立明确的指导方针将允许学生充分参与教育的自由,知道他们已经达到了最高的道德标准,因为他们准备职业生涯作为一个人性化的医生。
The recent publication of a story regarding anatomical dissection in a medical school has revealed the need for increased attention to the ethical and policy aspects of anatomical education. While most of the attention devoted to these questions thus far has been focused on procedures before and after dissection, from the perspective of medical students, there are important considerations during the process of dissection itself. This proposal was developed by two third-year medical students through a review of the relevant published literature, reflection upon their personal experiences in anatomy courses in two separate institutions, and informal discussion of these topics with peers. The proposal is that basic ethical
guidelines should be established and monitored by an independent committee tasked with reviewing them. The proposed
guidelines include: First, a clear set of expectations about what the student is expected to learn with respect to anatomical knowledge and dissection technique; second, the establishment by schools or national bodies of minimal ethical standards regarding respectful behavior toward the donor bodies, and the communication of these standards to teachers and students involved in educational dissections; third, the use of materials that encourage students to view their donors with respect and ensure proper treatment of them; and fourth, the establishment of an oversight group (at each medical school and at national level) comprising students, faculty, community members, and staff, who will regularly review the anatomical education program and update these ethical
guidelines as appropriate. While many of these proposals are already implemented in some anatomy departments, the establishment of clear
guidelines at a national as well as a school-by-school level will permit students the freedom to participate fully in their education, knowing they have met the highest ethical standards as they prepare for a career as a humanistic physician.