目的:确定ValedoJequitinhonha的20个城市中儿童和青少年的药物使用率,米纳斯吉拉斯州-巴西,显示可能影响使用的主要群体和变量。
方法:555次访谈的描述性人群调查样本,通过对137个人口普查区的简单随机整群抽样选择。纳入标准为年龄≤14岁,与法定监护人进行强制性面谈,不管是否接受过药物治疗。关于使用模式,参与者被分为两组:药物消费和不消费.对变量和关联检验进行了描述性分析。
结果:药物消费占56.57%,42.43%显示无消费。吸毒者的药用植物使用率为72.9%,非吸毒者为74.3%。消费的健康状况是咳嗽,普通感冒,流感,鼻充血或支气管痉挛(49.7%),发烧(5.4%),头痛(5.4%),腹泻,消化不良,腹绞痛(6.7%)。在自我药疗的情况下,30.57%的药物是由母亲服用的,69.42%为处方药。使用扑热息痛的自我药疗普遍存在(30.2%),二吡喃酮(20.8%),和感冒药(占18.8%)。止痛药/退烧药的使用有所增加,其次是呼吸药物,全身性抗生素,组胺H1拮抗剂,和维生素/抗生素。
结论:儿童用药率较高,表明需要制定旨在提高护理人员合理使用意识的教育计划。
OBJECTIVE: Determine the prevalence of medication use in children and adolescents in 20 municipalities of Vale do Jequitinhonha, Minas Gerais-Brazil, showing the main groups and variables that may have influenced use.
METHODS: Descriptive population-based survey sample of 555 interviews, selected by simple random cluster sampling of 137 census tracts. Inclusion criteria were age ≤ 14 years, mandatory interview with the legal guardians, and regardless of having received medications. Regarding the usage pattern, participants were divided into two groups: consumption and non-consumption of drugs. A descriptive analysis of the variables and tests of association were performed.
RESULTS: The prevalence of drug consumption was 56.57%, and 42.43% showed no consumption. The use of medicinal plants was 72.9% for drug users and 74.3% for non-users. The health conditions for consumption were cough, common cold, flu, nasal congestion or bronchospasm (49.7%), fever (5.4%), headache (5.4%), diarrhea, indigestion, and abdominal colic (6.7%). In cases of self-medication, 30.57% of the drugs were given by the mother, and 69.42% were prescription drugs. Self-medication was prevalent using paracetamol (30.2%), dipyrone (20.8%), and cold medicine (18.8%). There was increased use of analgesics/antipyretics, followed by respiratory medications, systemic antibiotics, histamine H1 antagonists, and vitamins/antianemics.
CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of drugs use in children was high, indicating the need for formulating educational programs aiming at the awareness of caregivers regarding rational use.