Corneal Perforation

角膜穿孔
  • 文章类型: Practice Guideline
    干眼症(DED)眼的角膜穿孔难以管理,由于几个因素的相互作用,如不稳定的泪膜,表面炎症,以及影响伤口愈合过程的潜在全身性疾病,以及最终的结果。需要仔细的术前检查以确定潜在的病理,以及眼表和附件的状态,排除微生物性角膜炎,除了评估穿孔本身外,还下令进行适当的系统性检查。有几种手术选择,其中包括组织粘合剂,多层羊膜移植(AMT),榫补片移植(TPG),角膜补片移植(CPG),穿透性角膜移植术(PK)。程序的选择取决于大小,location,和穿孔的配置。在穿孔较小的眼睛中,组织粘合剂是有效的治疗方式,而AMT,TPG,和CPG是中等尺寸穿孔的可行选择。AMT和TPG在绷带接触镜片的放置可能是挑战的情况下也是优选的。大穿孔需要PK,额外的程序,如tarsorrhy,以保护眼睛免受相关的上皮愈合问题。在视觉潜能差的眼睛中考虑结膜瓣。考虑到在这些情况下延迟上皮化和再穿孔的机会,急性疾病的管理与改善泪液体积的措施结合进行。局部和全身免疫抑制的给药,当指示时,有助于改善结果。这篇综述旨在帮助临床医生在DED环境中建立同步的多方面治疗方法,以成功管理角膜穿孔。
    Corneal perforations in eyes with dry eye disease (DED) are difficult to manage due to the interplay of several factors such as the unstable tear film, surface inflammation, and the underlying systemic disease affecting the wound healing process, and the eventual outcome. A careful preoperative examination is required to identify the underlying pathology, and status of ocular surface and adnexa, rule out microbial keratitis, and order appropriate systemic workup in addition to assessing the perforation itself. Several surgical options are available, which include tissue adhesives, multilayered amniotic membrane grafting (AMT), tenon patch graft (TPG), corneal patch graft (CPG), and penetrating keratoplasty (PK). The choice of procedure depends upon the size, location, and configuration of the perforation. In eyes with smaller perforations, tissue adhesives are effective treatment modalities, whereas AMT, TPG, and CPG are viable options in moderate-sized perforations. AMT and TPG are also preferable in cases where the placement of a bandage contact lens may be a challenge. Large perforations require a PK, with additional procedures such as tarsorrhaphy to protect the eyes from the associated epithelial healing issues. Conjunctival flaps are considered in eyes with poor visual potential. The management of the acute condition is carried out in conjunction with measures to improve the tear volume bearing in mind the chances of delayed epithelialization and re-perforation in these cases. Administration of topical and systemic immunosuppression, when indicated, helps improve the outcome. This review aims to facilitate clinicians in instituting a synchronized multifaceted therapy for the successful management of corneal perforations in the setting of DED.
    导出

    更多引用

    收藏

    翻译标题摘要

    我要上传

       PDF(Pubmed)

公众号