背景:高氯酸盐,硝酸盐,和硫氰酸盐被广泛认为是内分泌干扰化学物质,与甲状腺功能密切相关。动物和人体研究表明甲状腺激素与骨矿物质密度(BMD)之间存在相关性。然而,尚不清楚高氯酸盐,硝酸盐,硫氰酸盐与骨密度有关。本研究旨在探讨高氯酸盐、硝酸盐,和硫氰酸盐暴露与BMD。
方法:本研究对2011-2018年国家健康和营养调查(NHANES)的5607名参与者进行了横断面分析。高氯酸盐,硝酸盐,用离子色谱法检测尿液中的硫氰酸盐。调查加权广义线性回归,受限三次样条,和qgcomp模型用于评估BMD与单一和混合高氯酸盐的关联,硝酸盐,和硫氰酸盐暴露。此外,年龄,性别,BMI对这些关联进行了分层。
结果:发现高氯酸盐和硝酸盐与BMD之间存在负相关。此外,基于qgcomp模型的结果,高氯酸盐的联合作用,硝酸盐,硫氰酸盐暴露与骨密度呈负相关(β=-0.017,95%CI:-0.041,-0.024,总骨密度;β=-0.017,95%CI:-0.029,-0.005腰椎骨密度)。此外,性别后有显著的影响,年龄,和高氯酸盐之间的BMI分层,硝酸盐,正常体重组(β=-0.015,95%CI:-0.020,-0.011为总BMD;β=-0.022,95%CI:-0.028,-0.016为腰椎BMD)和儿童和青少年组(β=-0.025,95%CI:-0.031,-0.019为总BMD;β-0.017,95%CI:-0.029为0.005)。
结论:本研究表明骨密度与尿高氯酸盐呈负相关,硝酸盐,和硫氰酸盐水平,硝酸盐是混合效应的主要贡献者。体重正常的人以及儿童和青少年更容易受到影响。
BACKGROUND: Perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate are widely recognized as endocrine disrupting chemicals, which are closely related to thyroid function. Animal and human studies show a correlation between thyroid hormone and bone mineral density (BMD). However, it remains unknown whether perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate were associated with BMD. This
study aimed to explore the association between perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate exposure with BMD.
METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis among 5607 participants from the 2011-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) was conducted in the present
study. Perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate were detected in urine by ion chromatography. Survey-weighted generalized linear regression, restricted cubic splines, and qgcomp models were used to assess the association of BMDs with single and mixed perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate exposures. In addition, age, gender, and BMI stratified these associations.
RESULTS: Negative associations were found between perchlorate and nitrate with BMDs. Furthermore, based on the qgcomp model results, the combined association of perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate exposure was negatively associated with BMDs (β = -0.017, 95% CI: -0.041, -0.024 for total BMD; β = -0.017, 95% CI: -0.029, -0.005 for lumbar BMD). Additionally, there was a significant effect after gender, age, and BMI stratification between perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate with BMDs in the normal weight group (β = -0.015, 95% CI: -0.020, -0.011 for total BMD; β = -0.022, 95% CI: -0.028, -0.016 for lumbar BMD) and children and adolescents group (β = -0.025, 95% CI: -0.031, -0.019 for total BMD; β -0.017, 95% CI: -0.029, -0.005 for lumbar BMD).
CONCLUSIONS: The present
study indicated a negative correlation between BMDs and urinary perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate levels, with nitrate being the main contributor to the mixture effect. People with normal weight and children and adolescents were more likely to be affected.