食物恐惧症是儿童发育的标准行为。这是一个复杂的过程,并在不同程度上发生。新恐惧症的症状可以根据个体而变化。食物恐惧症是对新食物的恐惧,因此,食用和尝试不熟悉的食物会遇到困难。它是年轻时消耗的膳食数量的更重要的决定因素之一。这样的过程本身不是一种混乱,而是可能导致一种混乱。新恐惧症的严重程度最高发生在2到6岁之间,但在一些孩子身上,它持续到6岁以上。这项研究旨在评估2-7岁儿童中食物恐惧症的患病率,考虑到补充喂养的方法,母乳喂养的长度,纯母乳喂养,辅食的引入期,以及在饮食扩展期间使用BLW方法。
方法:该研究使用了由五个部分组成的匿名调查问卷作为研究工具。问卷的第一部分是一个衡量标准,涉及父母/监护人及其子女的社会人口统计数据。评估儿童食物恐惧症的标准化问卷用于评估食物恐惧症:食物恐惧症量表-儿童(FNSC)。
结果:在研究组中,根据FNSC的数据,171名儿童(29.23%)的食物恐惧症风险较低,182名儿童(31.11%)有中等风险的新恐惧症,232名儿童(39.66%)患新恐惧症的风险较高.观察到年龄与食物恐惧症风险之间存在相关性(p=0.0002)。2岁和4岁儿童(p=0.003)与2岁和5岁儿童(p=0.049)之间存在统计学上的显着差异。我们观察到阻塞之间没有相关性(p=0.88557),窒息(p=0.17597),以及需要医疗干预(p=0.61427)和相关新恐惧症的风险。
结论:在儿童研究组中,食物新恐惧症的最高风险是4岁,5岁和7岁儿童.母乳喂养和纯母乳喂养的时间长短不影响食物恐惧症的风险。在引入补充喂养(CF)的月份,使用婴儿主导的断奶方法(BLW方法)喂养孩子,在儿童饮食中引入原浆和原浆与块状食物也不会影响食物新恐惧症的风险。它被展示,然而,母亲在CF期间观察到困难的孩子以及其孩子在CF期间出现呕吐反射和从嘴里吐出食物的孩子更有可能在学龄前发生食物恐惧症。
Food neophobia is standard behaviour in child development. It is a complex process and occurs to varying degrees. The symptoms of neophobia can be variable depending on the individual. Food neophobia is a fear of new foods, whereby difficulties in eating and trying unfamiliar foods follow. It is one of the more vital determinants of the number of meals consumed at a young age. Such a process is not a disorder in itself but can lead to one. The highest severity of neophobia occurs between the ages of two and six, but in some children, it lasts beyond age 6. This
study aimed to assess the prevalence of food neophobia among children aged 2-7 years, taking into account the method of complementary feeding, the length of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding, the period of introduction of complementary foods, and the use of the BLW method during the period of dietary expansion.
METHODS: The
study used an anonymous survey questionnaire consisting of five parts as the research tool. The first part of the questionnaire was a metric and concerned the socio-demographic data of the parent/guardian and their child. A standardised questionnaire assessing food neophobia among children was used to assess food neophobia: the Food Neophobia Scale-Children (FNSC).
RESULTS: In the
study group, 171 children (29.23%) had a low risk of food neophobia according to the FNSC, 182 children (31.11%) had a medium risk of neophobia, and 232 children (39.66%) had a high risk of neophobia. A correlation was observed between the age and the risk of food neophobia (p = 0.0002). Statistically significant differences were found between children aged 2 and 4 (p = 0.003) and children aged 2 and 5 years (p = 0.049). We observed no correlation between gagging (p = 0.88557), choking (p = 0.17597), and needing medical intervention (p = 0.61427) and the risk of associated neophobia.
CONCLUSIONS: In the
study group of children, the highest risk of food neophobia was characterized by children aged 4, 5, and 7 years. The length of breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding did not affect the risk of food neophobia. In the month in which complementary feeding (CF) was introduced, the children were fed using the baby-led weaning method (BLW method), and introducing puree and puree with lump food into the children\'s diet also did not affect the risk of food neophobia. It was shown, however, that children whose mothers observed difficulties during CF and whose children had a vomiting reflex and spat food out of their mouths during CF were more likely to develop food neophobia at the preschool age.