Automatic segmentation

自动分割
  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    用于放射治疗的临床靶区(CTV)的描绘是耗时的,需要强化训练,并表现出高度的观察者间变异性。有监督的深度学习方法在很大程度上依赖于一致的训练数据;因此,最先进的研究重点是使CTV标签更加同质,并严格地将它们限制在当前的标准上。国际共识专家指南通过调节周围解剖结构上的临床目标体积的延伸来标准化CTV轮廓。仍然缺少直接遵循专家指南中给出的构造规则或量化手动绘制的轮廓与指南的一致性的可能性的培训策略。与头颈部癌症患者的CTV轮廓相关的71个解剖结构,根据专家指南,在104次计算机断层扫描中进行了分割,评估通过最先进的深度学习方法自动分割的可能性。所有71个解剖结构被细分为三个非重叠结构子集,并为每个子集训练具有五折交叉验证的3DnnU-Net模型,在计划计算机断层扫描时自动分割结构。我们报告骰子,71+5解剖结构的Hausdorff距离和表面DICE,对于其中的大多数,以前没有报道过分割精度。对于那些已经报告了预测值的结构,我们的分割准确度与报告的值一致或超过了.我们模型的预测总是比TotalSegmentator预测的要好。对于几乎所有的结构,具有2mm边缘的sDICE大于80%。根据专家指南,分析并讨论了分割精度降低的各个结构对CTV轮廓的影响。预计没有偏差会影响CTV划定的基于规则的自动化。
    The delineation of the clinical target volumes (CTVs) for radiation therapy is time-consuming, requires intensive training and shows high inter-observer variability. Supervised deep-learning methods depend heavily on consistent training data; thus, State-of-the-Art research focuses on making CTV labels more homogeneous and strictly bounding them to current standards. International consensus expert guidelines standardize CTV delineation by conditioning the extension of the clinical target volume on the surrounding anatomical structures. Training strategies that directly follow the construction rules given in the expert guidelines or the possibility of quantifying the conformance of manually drawn contours to the guidelines are still missing. Seventy-one anatomical structures that are relevant to CTV delineation in head- and neck-cancer patients, according to the expert guidelines, were segmented on 104 computed tomography scans, to assess the possibility of automating their segmentation by State-of-the-Art deep learning methods. All 71 anatomical structures were subdivided into three subsets of non-overlapping structures, and a 3D nnU-Net model with five-fold cross-validation was trained for each subset, to automatically segment the structures on planning computed tomography scans. We report the DICE, Hausdorff distance and surface DICE for 71 + 5 anatomical structures, for most of which no previous segmentation accuracies have been reported. For those structures for which prediction values have been reported, our segmentation accuracy matched or exceeded the reported values. The predictions from our models were always better than those predicted by the TotalSegmentator. The sDICE with 2 mm margin was larger than 80% for almost all the structures. Individual structures with decreased segmentation accuracy are analyzed and discussed with respect to their impact on the CTV delineation following the expert guidelines. No deviation is expected to affect the rule-based automation of the CTV delineation.
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