食品和饮料组之间的关联与饮食相关的慢性病(DRCD)的风险一直是预防性营养深入研究的主题。汇集/荟萃分析和系统评价(PMASR)旨在更好地表征这些关联。迄今为止,然而,尚未尝试合成所有评估了食品和饮料组和DRCD之间关系的PMASR.本综述的目的是汇总PMASR,以概述食品和饮料组(n=17)与DRCD(n=10)之间的关联,并为未来的研究需求建立新的方向。1950年至2013年间发表的对304种PMASRs的审查证实,植物性食品组比动物性食品组对DRCD更具保护性。在植物食物组中,谷物产品比水果和蔬菜更具保护性。在动物性食物组中,乳制品/奶制品对DRCD的风险有中性影响,而红色/加工肉类往往会增加风险。在饮料中,茶是最有保护作用的饮料,而软饮料对DRCD的保护作用最小。对于所检查的两个DRCD,肌肉减少症和肾脏疾病,没有发现PMASR。超重/肥胖,2型糖尿病,和各种类型的心血管疾病和癌症占289的PMASR。迫切需要进一步研究食品和饮料群体与心理健康之间的关系,骨骼健康,消化系统疾病,肝脏疾病,肾脏疾病,肥胖,和2型糖尿病。
Associations between food and beverage groups and the risk of diet-related chronic disease (DRCD) have been the subject of intensive research in preventive nutrition. Pooled/meta-analyses and systematic reviews (PMASRs) aim to better characterize these associations. To date, however, there has been no attempt to synthesize all PMASRs that have assessed the relationship between food and beverage groups and DRCDs. The objectives of this
review were to aggregate PMASRs to obtain an overview of the associations between food and beverage groups (n = 17) and DRCDs (n = 10) and to establish new directions for future research needs. The present
review of 304 PMASRs published between 1950 and 2013 confirmed that plant food groups are more protective than animal food groups against DRCDs. Within plant food groups, grain products are more protective than fruits and vegetables. Among animal food groups, dairy/milk products have a neutral effect on the risk of DRCDs, while red/processed meats tend to increase the risk. Among beverages, tea was the most protective and soft drinks the least protective against DRCDs. For two of the DRCDs examined, sarcopenia and kidney disease, no PMASR was found. Overweight/obesity, type 2 diabetes, and various types of cardiovascular disease and cancer accounted for 289 of the PMASRs. There is a crucial need to further study the associations between food and beverage groups and mental health, skeletal health, digestive diseases, liver diseases, kidney diseases, obesity, and type 2 diabetes.