鱼类是变温动物,是任何生态变化的快速反应者。鱼的反应可以很容易地从它们的血液学和生化反应来评估。为了研究干馏过程中血液生化参数对生态变化和生态状况的变化,在恒河中下游的六个不同采样站进行了一项研究。还监测了鱼类对多种生态变化的各种血液学和生化反应。为了评估生态变化,计算了各种指数,如水污染指数(WPI),国家卫生基金会水质指数(NSF-WQI),和内梅罗的污染指数(NPI)已根据各种水质参数,如溶解氧(DO)计算,pH值,总溶解固体(TDS),总碱度(TA),总硬度(TH),电导率(EC),生化需氧量(BOD),氯度(CL),总氮(TN),和总磷(TP)。血液学参数,如WBC,红细胞,血小板,血红蛋白,监测血细胞比容。血清生化参数如SGPT,SGOT,ALP,淀粉酶,胆红素,葡萄糖,甘油三酯(TRIG),和胆固醇(CHOL)进行了调查。研究表明,NSF-WQI从Buxar的45.08变化到Rejinagar的110.63变化,与SGPT呈显著正相关,SGOT,ALP,TRIG,CHOL,WBC,而在TRIG和RBC之间观察到显著负相关。WPI从19到23不等,与SGOT呈显着正相关,与总氮呈负相关。PCA分析说明了自然因素和人为因素对河流生态的重要性。用SGPT观察到强阳性负荷,SGOT,ALP,和血小板。该研究表明,有必要监测鱼类对生态状况变化的血液生化反应。
Fishes are poikilothermic animals and are rapid responders to any sort of ecological alteration. The responses in the fish can be easily assessed from their hematological and biochemical responses. To study the variation in the hemato-biochemical parameters in retort to ecological alteration and ecological regime, a study was conducted at six different sampling stations of the middle and lower stretches of river Ganga. Various hematological and biochemical responses of fishes were also monitored in response to multiple ecological alterations. For the assessment of ecological alteration, various indices were calculated such as the water pollution index (WPI), National Sanitation Foundation-water quality index (NSF-WQI), and Nemerow\'s pollution index (NPI) has been calculated based on various water quality parameters such as dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), total alkalinity (TA), total hardness (TH), electrical conductivity (EC), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chlorinity (CL), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP). The hematological parameters such as WBC, RBC, platelet, hemoglobin, and hematocrit were monitored. The serum biochemical parameters such as SGPT, SGOT, ALP, amylase, bilirubin, glucose, triglyceride (TRIG), and cholesterol (CHOL) were investigated. The study revealed that NSF-WQI varied from 45.08 at Buxar to 110.63 at Rejinagar and showed a significantly positive correlation with SGPT, SGOT, ALP, TRIG, CHOL, and WBC, whereas a significantly negative correlation was observed between TRIG and RBC. WPI varied from 19 to 23 and showed a significant positive correlation with SGOT and a negative correlation was observed with total nitrogen. The PCA analysis illustrated the significance of both natural as well as anthropogenic factors on riverine ecology. Strong positive loading was observed with SGPT, SGOT, ALP, and platelet. The study signified the need for monitoring the hemato-biochemical responses of fishes in response to alterations in the ecological regime.